ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2021
Elongated neutrophil-derived structures are blood-borne microparticles formed by rolling neutrophils during sepsis.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in urinary extracellular vesicles originating from the genitourinary system in health and disease.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Review
- Neutrophil serine proteases degrade endothelial cortactin and promote extravasation.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Role of neutrophils in regulating vascular permeability in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Platelet-derived integrin- and tetraspanin-enriched tethers exacerbate severe inflammation.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Large extracellular vesicles and blebbisomes in cancer: emerging and translational opportunities highlights.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Actin cortex formation is required for integrin clustering but not activation during leukocyte adhesion.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- From inflammatory effectors to tissue sculptors: non-canonical functions of neutrophils in repair, barrier remodelling and fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neutrophil-macrophage crosstalk network in acute lung injury: feedback circuits linking cytokine storm and cell death.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Podocytes as novel sources of neutrophil serine proteases: expression and regulation by inflammatory molecular patterns.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Newly-diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients have elevated levels of plasma extracellular vesicles with protein cargo altered towards inflammatory processes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- The dual role of neutrophils in sepsis-associated liver injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of sepsis biomarkers through glutamine metabolism-mediated immune regulation: a comprehensive analysis employing mendelian randomization, multi-omics integration, and machine learning.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- In situ visualization of endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicle formation in steady state and malignant conditions.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Immune System Function: Exploring Novel Approaches to Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Effector function and neutrophil cell death in the severity of sepsis with diabetes mellitus.Narra J · 2024Review
- Impact of microparticles released during murine systemic inflammation on macrophage activity and reactive nitrogen species regulation.Immunologic research · 2024Article
- Large extracellular vesicle (EV) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) interaction captured in vivo during systemic inflammation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rolling neutrophils form tethers with submicron diameters. Here, we report that these tethers detach, forming elongated neutrophil-derived structures (ENDS) in the vessel lumen. We studied ENDS formation in mice and humans in vitro and in vivo. ENDS do not contain mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, or DNA, but are enriched for S100A8, S100A9, and 57 other proteins. Within hours of formation, ENDS round up, and some of them begin to present phosphatidylserine on their surface (detected by annexin-5 binding) and release S100A8-S100A9 complex, a damage-associated molecular pattern protein that is a known biomarker of neutrophilic inflammation. ENDS appear in blood plasma of mice upon induction of septic shock. Compared with healthy donors, ENDS are 10-100-fold elevated in blood plasma of septic patients. Unlike neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles, most ENDS are negative for the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81. We conclude that ENDS are a new class of bloodborne submicron particles with a formation mechanism linked to neutrophil rolling on the vessel wall.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.