ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Relationship of TSH Levels with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in US Youth and Reference Percentiles for Thyroid Function.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploring the link between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and subclinical hypothyroidism in adolescents: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Association of high-normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels with metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity in euthyroid adolescents: insights from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
- Obesity-related subclinical hypothyroidism in childhood: Elevated triglycerides but not basal metabolic rate.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and longitudinal thyroid-stimulating hormone changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: An observational study.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2025Observational
- Association of insulin-like growth factor 1 and metabolic parameters with mild subclinical hypothyroidism in obese boys.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Higher prevalence of gestational diabetes in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity who were expecting a female fetus.European thyroid journal · 2025Article
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via endoplasmic reticulum stress.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and Thyroid Function in Childhood Obesity: A Vicious Circle?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Overall, sex-and race/ethnicity-specific prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in US adolescents aged 12-18 years.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical hypothyroidism in children with obesity.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Thyroid Function and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents with Neuromotor Disability.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association between thyroid autoimmunity and gestational diabetes mellitus in euthyroid women.European thyroid journal · 2022Article
- Thyroid Function in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome; a Cohort Study and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
contextThyroid hormones play an important role in metabolic homeostasis, and higher levels have been associated with cardiometabolic risk.
objectiveTo examine the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with TSH levels in US youth.
methodsCross-sectional study of youth aged 12 to 18 years without known thyroid abnormalities from 5 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (n = 2818) representing 15.4 million US children. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) was defined as thyrotropin (TSH) levels of 4.5 to 10 mIU/L. Assessed cardiometabolic risk factors include abdominal obesity (waist circumference >90th percentile), hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride ≥130 mg/dL), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<40 mg/dL), elevated blood pressure (systolic and diastolic blood pressure ≥90th percentile), hyperglycemia (fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL, or known diabetes), insulin resistance (homeostatic model for insulin resistance > 3.16), and elevated alanine transferase (≥ 50 for boys and ≥44 U/L for girls). Age and sex- specific percentiles for thyroid parameters were calculated.
resultsIn this cohort of youth (51.3% male), 31.2% had overweight/obesity. The prevalence of SH was 2.0% (95% CI 1.2-3.1). The median TSH levels were higher in youth with overweight/obesity (P < 0.001). Adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and obesity, youth with TSH in the fourth quantile had higher odds of abdominal obesity (OR 2.53 [1.43-4.46], P = .002), insulin resistance (OR 2.82 [1.42-5.57], P = .003), and ≥2 cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) (OR 2.20 [1.23-3.95], P = .009).
conclusionThe prevalence of SH is low in US youth. The higher odds of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth with TSH levels >75th percentile requires further study.
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