ArticleNeural plasticity2020
An Enriched Environment Enhances Angiogenesis Surrounding the Cingulum in Ischaemic Stroke Rats.
Article in Neural plasticity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enriched Environment Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Dopamine-HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Preclinical Environmental Enrichment Protocols in Models of Poststroke to Set the Foundations for Translating the Paradigm to Clinical Settings.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Environmental enrichment: a neurostimulatory approach to aging and ischemic stroke recovery and rehabilitation.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Enriched environment as a nonpharmacological neuroprotective strategy.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Pre exposure to enriched environment alleviates brain injury after ischemia-reperfusion by inhibiting p38MAPK/STAT1 pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Enriched environment-induced neuroplasticity in ischemic stroke and its underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An enriched environment (EE) has been demonstrated to improve functional recovery in animal models of ischaemic stroke through enhancing vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) mediated neuroprotection accompanied by angiogenesis in the ischaemic hemisphere. Whether EEs also promote VEGF-mediated neuroprotection and angiogenesis in the contralateral hemisphere remains unclear. Here, we explored the effect of EEs on VEGF expression and angiogenesis within the contralateral cerebral cortex in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/r) model. We assessed the expression levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31), VEGF, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the whole contralateral cerebral cortex using Western blotting assay but did not find an increase in the expression of CD31, VEGF, or eNOS in MCAO/r rats housed in EEs, which suggested that EEs did not enhance the overall expression of VEGF and eNOS or angiogenesis in the entire contralateral cortex. We further analysed the local effect of EEs by immunohistochemistry and found that in and around the bilateral cingulum in MCAO/r rats housed in EEs, haematopoietic progenitor cell antigen- (CD34-) positive endothelial progenitor cells were significantly increased compared with those of rats housed in standard cages (SCs). Further experiments showed that EEs increased neuronal VEGF expression surrounding the cingulum in MCAO/r rats and robustly upregulated eNOS expression. These results revealed that EEs enhanced angiogenesis, VEGF expression, and activation of the VEGF-eNOS pathway in and/or around the cingulum in MCAO/r rats, which were involved in the functional recovery of MCAO/r rats.
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