ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2021
Functions of galanin, spexin and kisspeptin in metabolism, mood and behaviour.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- The neuropeptide in ischemic brain injury: insights, challenges, and horizon of targeted interventions.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Kisspeptin on Sexual Brain Processing and Penile Tumescence in Men With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Melanocortin 4 receptor agonism enhances sexual brain processing in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Trial
- Acute Effects of Kisspeptin Administration on Bone Metabolism in Healthy Men.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Spexin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Brain Injury in Rats via Suppression of NF-κB-Associated Inflammation and Apoptosis.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Biochemical, Immunohistochemical and Behavioral Effects of Spexin in a Methimazole-Induced Hypothyroidism Rat Model.Biology · 2026Article
- Psychological Well-being After Body Contouring Surgery: Hormonal and Surgical Predictors.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Peptide hormone spexin restores beta cell function and improves glycaemic control in mice via regulation of the sodium-potassium pump.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Galanin Receptors: G Protein-Dependent Signaling and Beyond.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Biochemical and Physiological Effects of Galanin in Health and Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Evaluating plasma phoenixin-14, galanin, galanin-like peptide, and spexin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Diagnostic role of galanin in distinguishing endometrial atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma from benign endometrial conditions.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spexin-Mediated Dietary Adaptation inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between perivascular adipose tissue and adipocyte-derived peptide in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Review
- Aspirin Eugenol Ester Modulates the Hypothalamus Transcriptome in Broilers Under High Stocking Density.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Involvement of central opioid and melanocortin receptors in spexin-induced hypophagia following intracerebroventricular injection in neonatal broiler chicks.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Effects of celastrol on the heart and liver galaninergic system expression in a mouse model of Western-type diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Spexin and its receptors in the yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi): identification, expression profiles and reproductive function.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2024Article
- Alarin regulates RyR2 and SERCA2 to improve cardiac function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2024Article
- Role of spexin and DARS2 as potential biomarkers in basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous malignant melanoma diagnosis, and as therapeutic targets.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The bioactive peptides galanin, spexin and kisspeptin have a common ancestral origin and their pathophysiological roles are increasingly the subject of investigation. Evidence suggests that these bioactive peptides play a role in the regulation of metabolism, pancreatic β-cell function, energy homeostasis, mood and behaviour in several species, including zebrafish, rodents and humans. Galanin signalling suppresses insulin secretion in animal models (but not in humans), is potently obesogenic and plays putative roles governing certain evolutionary behaviours and mood modulation. Spexin decreases insulin secretion and has potent anorectic, analgesic, anxiolytic and antidepressive-like effects in animal models. Kisspeptin modulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, food intake and/or energy expenditure in animal models and humans. Furthermore, kisspeptin is implicated in the control of reproductive behaviour in animals, modulation of human sexual and emotional brain processing, and has antidepressive and fear-suppressing effects. In addition, galanin-like peptide is a further member of the galaninergic family that plays emerging key roles in metabolism and behaviour. Therapeutic interventions targeting galanin, spexin and/or kisspeptin signalling pathways could therefore contribute to the treatment of conditions ranging from obesity to mood disorders. However, many gaps and controversies exist, which must be addressed before the therapeutic potential of these bioactive peptides can be established.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.