Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33272281›Full record

Trial reportMalaria journal2020

Infant sex modifies associations between placental malaria and risk of malaria in infancy.

Abel Kakuru, Michelle E Roh, Richard Kajubi, Teddy Ochieng, John Ategeka, Harriet Ochokoru, Miriam Nakalembe, Tamara D Clark, Theodore Ruel, Sarah G Staedke and 5 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Malaria journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02793622 (Prevention of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02793622 phase3completednot on this map

Prevention of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2016 to 2018Enrolled782ConditionsMalariaArmsMonthly Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) During Pregnancy, Monthly Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DP) During Pregnancy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Sex-Linked Differences in Malaria Risk Across the Lifespan.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Abel KakuruLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. akakuru@idrc-uganda.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9941-1309
Michelle E RohDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Richard KajubiInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, 2C Nakasero Hill Road, Kampala, Uganda.
Teddy OchiengInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, 2C Nakasero Hill Road, Kampala, Uganda.
John AtegekaInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, 2C Nakasero Hill Road, Kampala, Uganda.
Harriet OchokoruInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, 2C Nakasero Hill Road, Kampala, Uganda.
Miriam NakalembeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Tamara D ClarkDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Theodore RuelDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Sarah G StaedkeLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Daniel ChandramohanLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Diane V HavlirDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Moses R KamyaSchool of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Grant DorseyDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Prasanna JagannathanDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA. prasj@stanford.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration · UGLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBMakerere University · UGStanford Medicine · USUniversity of London · GB

Funding

San Francisco Vaccine and Prevention UnitUM1AI069496 · NIAID · PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION ENTERPRISES · PI Susan Buchbinder, Diane V Havlir · 2012 to 2026
$30.5M
The immunologic consequences of prenatal exposure to malariaP01HD059454 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHARLEBOIS, EDWIN DUNCAN · 2008 to 2017
$22.6M
Training In Malaria Research in UgandaD43TW007375 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ROSENTHAL, PHILIP JON · 2005 to 2019
$2.9M
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1141549FIC NIH HHS D43 TW007375FIC NIH HHS D43TW7375NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069496NICHD NIH HHS P01 HD059454
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPlacental malaria (PM) has been associated with a higher risk of malaria during infancy. However, it is unclear whether this association is causal, and is modified by infant sex, and whether intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) can reduce infant malaria by preventing PM.

methodsData from a birth cohort of 656 infants born to HIV-uninfected mothers randomised to IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) or Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) was analysed. PM was categorized as no PM, active PM (presence of parasites), mild-moderate past PM (> 0-20% high powered fields [HPFs] with pigment), or severe past PM (> 20% HPFs with pigment). The association between PM and incidence of malaria in infants stratified by infant sex was examined. Causal mediation analysis was used to test whether IPTp can impact infant malaria incidence via preventing PM.

resultsThere were 1088 malaria episodes diagnosed among infants during 596.6 person years of follow-up. Compared to infants born to mothers with no PM, the incidence of malaria was higher among infants born to mothers with active PM (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.00-1.71, p = 0.05) and those born to mothers with severe past PM (aIRR 1.28, 95% CI 0.89-1.83, p = 0.18), but the differences were not statistically significant. However, when stratifying by infant sex, compared to no PM, severe past PM was associated a higher malaria incidence in male (aIRR 2.17, 95% CI 1.45-3.25, p < 0.001), but not female infants (aIRR 0.74, 95% CI 0.46-1.20, p = 0.22). There were no significant associations between active PM or mild-moderate past PM and malaria incidence in male or female infants. Male infants born to mothers given IPTp with DP had significantly less malaria in infancy than males born to mothers given SP, and 89.7% of this effect was mediated through prevention of PM.

conclusionPM may have more severe consequences for male infants, and interventions which reduce PM could mitigate these sex-specific adverse outcomes. More research is needed to better understand this sex-bias between PM and infant malaria risk. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02793622. Registered 8 June 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02793622.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsMalaria, FalciparumPlacenta DiseasesPregnancy Complications, ParasiticAdultArtemisininsDrug CombinationsFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMalePiperazinesPregnancyPyrimethamineAntimalarialsArtemisininsartenimolDrug Combinationsfanasil, pyrimethamine drug combinationpiperaquinePiperazinesPyrimethamineQuinolinesSulfadoxineInfantsPlacental malariaPlasmodium falciparumPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID33272281
PMCPMC7713316
OpenAlexW3099502174

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.