ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2021
Extensive Cortical Convergence to Primate Reticulospinal Pathways.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain computer interface training with motor imagery and functional electrical stimulation for patients with severe upper limb paresis after stroke: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Impact of the brainstem in normal and impaired human movement control.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Motor Recovery After a Hemispherectomy: Review of Mechanisms and the Potential of Neuromodulation to Enhance Motor Outcomes.Journal of child neurology · 2026Review
- What Is the StartReact Effect?Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- A Spinal Origin for the Obligate Flexor Synergy in the Nonhuman Primate: Implications for Control of Reaching.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Breathing-driven modulation of reticulospinal tract activity.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Arm Control and its Recovery after Selective Lesions of Sensorimotor Cortex and the Red Nucleus: A Kinematic Study in Non-Human Primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- fMRI reveals brainstem and cortical networks contribute to the instruction-dependent modulation of stretch-evoked motor responses.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Interactions between motor cortical forelimb regions and their influence on muscles reorganize across behaviors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Reticulospinal and corticospinal responses in long-term strength-trained and untrained adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Identifying cortical and subcortical contributions to anticipatory postural adjustments preceding arm reaching movements in standing humans.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- A spinal origin for the obligate flexor synergy in the non-human primate: Implications for control of reaching.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Stimulation of corticospinal neurons by optogenetic cAMP inductions promotes motor recovery after spinal cord injury in female rats via raphespinal tract modulation.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- Arm-hand BOOST (AHA-BOOST) therapy to improve recovery of the upper limb after stroke: rationale and description by means of the TIDieR checklist.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Corticospinal and corticoreticulospinal projections have discrete but complementary roles in chronic motor behaviors after stroke.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Evolution, biomechanics, and neurobiology converge to explain selective finger motor control.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Targeting thalamocortical circuits for closed-loop stimulation in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Adaptation of the layer V supraspinal motor corticofugal projections from the primary (M1) and premotor (PM) cortices after CNS motor disorders in non-human primates: A survey.Translational neuroscience · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Early evolution of the motor cortex included development of connections to brainstem reticulospinal neurons; these projections persist in primates. In this study, we examined the organization of corticoreticular connections in five macaque monkeys (one male) using both intracellular and extracellular recordings from reticular formation neurons, including identified reticulospinal cells. Synaptic responses to stimulation of different parts of primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) bilaterally were assessed. Widespread short latency excitation, compatible with monosynaptic transmission over fast-conducting pathways, was observed, as well as longer latency responses likely reflecting a mixture of slower monosynaptic and oligosynaptic pathways. There was a high degree of convergence: 56% of reticulospinal cells with input from M1 received projections from M1 in both hemispheres; for SMA, the equivalent figure was even higher (70%). Of reticulospinal neurons with input from the cortex, 78% received projections from both M1 and SMA (regardless of hemisphere); 83% of reticulospinal cells with input from M1 received projections from more than one of the tested M1 sites. This convergence at the single cell level allows reticulospinal neurons to integrate information from across the motor areas of the cortex, taking account of the bilateral motor context. Reticulospinal connections are known to strengthen following damage to the corticospinal tract, such as after stroke, partially contributing to functional recovery. Extensive corticoreticular convergence provides redundancy of control, which may allow the cortex to continue to exploit this descending pathway even after damage to one area.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.