Observational studyBMC pediatrics2020
Association of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Vitamin D intervention and outdoor activity among children in North China: an observational study.
Observational study in BMC pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Diet during Pregnancy and Allergy Onset in the Childhood: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Review
- Short-term exposure to CO and NOFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Vitamin D deficiency and fatigue in children: an overlooked but modifiable factor?World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
- Contemporary factors affecting serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Chinese children aged 2-6 years.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Progression of Vitamin D Deficiency in Greater Beirut and Mount Lebanon From 2013 to 2022: An Analysis of 19,452 Adults.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- Association between soy product consumption, duration of physical exercise, and psychological symptoms among Tibetan college students: a cross-sectional study in high-altitude regions of China.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Association between sugar-sweetened beverages and duration of physical exercise with psychological symptoms among Tibetan university students at high altitude.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Associations between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, duration of physical exercise, and depressive symptoms among Tibetan university students at high altitude.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Vitamin D status among residents of Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Inner Mongolia, North China.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Incidence of malnutrition and changes in phosphocalcic metabolism in perioperative liver transplantation patients -a retrospective study in a tertiary children's hospital in China.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Correlation analysis between vitamin A, D, and E status with altitude, seasonal variation, and other factors, among children aged 0-6 years in a Chinese population living in the Tibetan plateau of Ganzi prefecture.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLiving at high latitudes is one of the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children. However, evidence on vitamin D improvement for this pediatric population to date is limited. This study aims at evaluating the association of different vitamin D intervention methods and outdoor activity on the vitamin D status of children in North China.
methodsIn this observational study, a total of 55,925 children aged 1 month to 18 years old were recruited from pediatric outpatient departments from July 2016 to June 2017. Data on demographics, anthropometric measurements, vitamin D intervention (either prescribed by physicians or given by parents) and outdoor activity were recorded. The serum levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of vitamin D intervention or outdoor activity with blood vitamin D status, adjusted for age, gender, BMI for age, and seasons.
resultsThe overall rate of hypovitaminosis D was 65.60%. Of the children's outdoor activity, 35.63, 31.95, and 32.42% were below 30 min/d, 30-60 min/d and over 60 min/d, respectively. Furthermore, the proportion of therapeutic intervention, supplementation intervention and no vitamin D intervention among the children was 16.48, 32.87, and 50.65%, respectively. After adjusted for confounding factors, vitamin D intervention was associated with a lower risk of hypovitaminosis D, with OR (95% CI) of 0.191 (0.180, 0.202) in children with therapeutic doses and 0.423 (0.404, 0.443) in those with supplementation doses, compared with children without vitamin D intervention. In addition, longer outdoor time was associated with a lower risk of hypovitaminosis D [0.479 (0.456, 0.504) for 60 min/d, 0.737 (0.701, 0.776) for 30-60 min/d], independent of vitamin D intervention.
conclusionsHigh prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found in children living at high latitudes. Vitamin D intervention and outdoor activity are all negatively associated with children's vitamin D deficiency. Routine vitamin D intervention combined with increased outdoor time might be an effective approach to prevent hypovitaminosis D among children, especially those at school, living at high latitudes.
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