ArticleJournal of Korean Neurosurgical Society2021
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastasis : The Role of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.
Article in Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- [Efficacy and Safety of Radiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy for Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2022Pooled it
- RT-based combination therapy for brain metastasis from NSCLC with non-EGFR mutation/ALK gene rearrangement: A network meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: indications, dose fractionation, technological innovations, and evolving combination strategies - a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Conjunction with Cranial Radiation for Older Adults with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Synchronous Brain Metastasis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- A retrospective study of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for patients with baseline brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy of different therapies for brain metastases of non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- Optimizing the synergy between stereotactic radiosurgery and immunotherapy for brain metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Combined Brain Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Immunotherapy Alone or in Combination with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Journal of oncology · 2022Article
- Immunotherapy in NSCLC Patients With Brain and Leptomeningeal Metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Impact of baseline glucocorticoid use on the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with intracranial radiotherapy in NSCLC patients with brain metastases.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved for treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the safety and efficacy of combined ICI and Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) treatment remain undefined. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed patients treated with ICIs with or without GKS at our institute to manage patients with brain metastases from NSCLC.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with brain metastases from NSCLC treated with ICIs between January 2015 and December 2017. Of 134 patients, 77 were assessable for brain responses and categorized into three groups as follows : group A, ICI alone (n=26); group B, ICI with concurrent GKS within 14 days (n=24); and group C, ICI with non-concurrent GKS (n=27).
resultsThe median follow-up duration after brain metastasis diagnosis was 19.1 months (range, 1-77). At the last follow-up, 53 patients (68.8%) died, 20 were alive, and four were lost to follow-up. The estimated median overall survival (OS) of all patients from the date of brain metastasis diagnosis was 20.0 months (95% confidence interval, 12.5-27.7) (10.0, 22.5, and 42.1 months in groups A, B, and C, respectively). The OS was shorter in group A than in group C (p=0.001). The intracranial disease progression-free survival (p=0.569), local progression-free survival (p=0.457), and complication rates did not significantly differ among the groups. Twelve patients showed leptomeningeal seeding (LMS) during follow-up. The 1-year LMS-free rate in treated with ICI alone group (69.1%) was significantly lower than that in treated with GKS before ICI treatment or within 14 days group (93.2%) (p=0.004).
conclusionGKS with ICI showed no favorable OS outcome in treating brain metastasis from NSCLC. However, GKS with ICI did not increase the risk of complications. Furthermore, compared with ICI alone, GKS with ICI may be associated with a reduced incidence of LMS. Further understanding of the mechanism, which remains unknown, may help improve the quality of life of patients with brain metastasis.
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