Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33266753›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2019

Drug-Drug Interaction Extraction via Recurrent Hybrid Convolutional Neural Networks with an Improved Focal Loss.

Xia Sun, Ke Dong, Long Ma, Richard Sutcliffe, Feijuan He, Sushing Chen, Jun Feng

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. MSEDDI: Multi-Scale Embedding for Predicting Drug-Drug Interaction Events.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
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  14. Review
  15. Drug-Drug Interactions Prediction Using Fingerprint Only.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022
    Article
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  17. Article
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  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xia SunDepartment of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0572-641X
Ke DongDepartment of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6067-2517
Long MaDepartment of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
Richard SutcliffeDepartment of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5549-5691
Feijuan HeDepartment of Computer Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University City College, Xi'an 710069, China.
Sushing ChenDepartment of Computer Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Jun FengDepartment of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0706-2103
Northwest University · CNUniversity of Florida · USXi'an Jiaotong University · CN

Funding

Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shaanxi Province 202160002Natural Science Foundation of China 61877050
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may bring huge health risks and dangerous effects to a patient's body when taking two or more drugs at the same time or within a certain period of time. Therefore, the automatic extraction of unknown DDIs has great potential for the development of pharmaceutical agents and the safety of drug use. In this article, we propose a novel recurrent hybrid convolutional neural network (RHCNN) for DDI extraction from biomedical literature. In the embedding layer, the texts mentioning two entities are represented as a sequence of semantic embeddings and position embeddings. In particular, the complete semantic embedding is obtained by the information fusion between a word embedding and its contextual information which is learnt by recurrent structure. After that, the hybrid convolutional neural network is employed to learn the sentence-level features which consist of the local context features from consecutive words and the dependency features between separated words for DDI extraction. Lastly but most significantly, in order to make up for the defects of the traditional cross-entropy loss function when dealing with class imbalanced data, we apply an improved focal loss function to mitigate against this problem when using the DDIExtraction 2013 dataset. In our experiments, we achieve DDI automatic extraction with a micro F-score of 75.48% on the DDIExtraction 2013 dataset, outperforming the state-of-the-art approach by 2.49%.

Indexed as

convolutional neural networkcross-entropydilated convolutionsdrug-drug interactionfocal lossrelation extraction

Identifiers

PMID33266753
PMCPMC7514143
OpenAlexW2910406387

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.