ReviewPharmaceutics2020
A Short Review on the Intranasal Delivery of Diazepam for Treating Acute Repetitive Seizures.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Median effective dose of esketamine for intranasal premedication in children with congenital heart disease.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Efficacy and safety of diazepam nasal spray in Japanese Pediatric patients with or at risk for status epilepticus: a phase 3, Multicenter, open-label clinical trial.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2026Article
- Intranasal Diazepam Outperforms Midazolam and Lorazepam in Early Seizure Control in Pilocarpine-Induced Mice Model.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Seizure Clusters: Current Concepts in Definition and Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Nanoemulsions and Microemulsions for Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Bibliometric Analysis and Emerging Trends (2004-2024).Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Investigating Strategies to Enhance the Aqueous Solubility of Ketamine HCl for Intranasal Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- The pulse of sleep: novel interventions in understanding the sleep-cardiovascular connection: a literature review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Evaluating a Venom-Bioinspired Peptide, NOR-1202, as an Antiepileptic Treatment in Male Mice Models.Toxins · 2024Article
- Development ofPharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Pathophysiology to Risk Factor and Therapeutics to Treatment Strategies on Epilepsy.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- EEG epilepsy seizure prediction: the post-processing stage as a chronology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- On the performance of seizure prediction machine learning methods across different databases: the sample and alarm-based perspectives.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Anticholinesterase Potential of Indole Derivatives and Unexpectedly Synthesized Novel Benzodiazine: Characterization, DFT and Hirshfeld Charge Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Current summary of the evidence in drone-based emergency medical services care.Resuscitation plus · 2023Review
- The nose has it: Opportunities and challenges for intranasal drug administration for neurologic conditions including seizure clusters.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2023Review
- Strategies to Improve Drug Strength in Nasal Preparations for Brain Delivery of Low Aqueous Solubility Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- A Needle-Free Jet Injection System for Controlled Release and Repeated Biopharmaceutical Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Rescue therapies for seizure emergencies: current and future landscape.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Review
- A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Predicting Diazepam Pharmacokinetics after Intravenous, Oral, Intranasal, and Rectal Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Benzodiazepines such as diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam remained the mainstay of treatment for acute repetitive seizures (ARS). The immediate care for ARS should often begin at home by a caregiver. This prevents the progression of ARS to prolonged seizures or status epilepticus. For a long time and despite social objections rectal diazepam gel remained only FDA-approved rescue medication. Intranasal administration of benzodiazepines is considered attractive and safe compared with rectal, buccal and sublingual routes. Intranasal delivery offers numerous advantages such as large absorptive surface area, bypass the first-pass metabolism and good patient acceptance as it is needle free and painless. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that diazepam nasal spray (NRL-1; Valtoco
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.