Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33264478›Full record

SynthesisHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2021

The experience of financial burden for people with multimorbidity: A systematic review of qualitative research.

James Larkin, Louise Foley, Susan M Smith, Patricia Harrington, Barbara Clyne

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Towards conceptual convergence: A systematic review of psychological resilience in family caregivers of persons living with chronic neurological conditions.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. The experience of financial burden for people with multimorbidity: A systematic review of qualitative research.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2021
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Prevalence and prognosis of multimorbidity in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

James LarkinHRB Centre for Primary Care, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-4339-5623
Louise FoleySchool of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-0773-3712
Susan M SmithHRB Centre for Primary Care, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-6027-2727
Patricia HarringtonHealth Information and Quality Authority, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-1774-4420
Barbara ClyneHRB Centre for Primary Care, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-1186-9495

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultimorbidity prevalence is increasing globally. People with multimorbidity have higher health care costs, which can create a financial burden.

objectiveTo synthesize qualitative research exploring experience of financial burden for people with multimorbidity. SEARCH STRATEGY: Six databases were searched in May 2019. A grey literature search and backward and forward citation checking were also conducted. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Studies were included if they used a qualitative design, conducted primary data collection, included references to financial burden and had at least one community-dwelling adult participant with two or more chronic conditions. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Screening and critical appraisal were conducted by two reviewers independently. One reviewer extracted data from the results section; this was checked by a second reviewer. GRADE-CERQual was used to summarize the certainty of the evidence. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis. MAIN

resultsForty-six studies from six continents were included. Four themes were generated: the high costs people with multimorbidity experience, the coping strategies they use to manage these costs, and the negative effect of both these on their well-being. Health insurance and government supports determine the manageability and level of costs experienced. DISCUSSION: Financial burden has a negative effect on people with multimorbidity. Continuity of care and an awareness of the impact of financial burden of multimorbidity amongst policymakers and health care providers may partially address the issue. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Results were presented to a panel of people with multimorbidity to check whether the language and themes 'resonated' with their experiences.

Indexed as

Health PersonnelMultimorbidityAdultChronic DiseaseHumansIndependent LivingQualitative Researchchronic diseaseevidence synthesisfinancial burdenhealth care costsmultimorbiditynon-communicable diseasequalitative researchsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID33264478
PMCPMC8077119

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.