Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33263820›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology2020

Hip fracture patients admitted to hospital on weekends are not at increased risk of 30-day mortality as compared with weekdays.

Calver Pang, A Aqil, A Mannan, G Thomas, F S Hossain

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Systematic review and meta-analysis of preoperative predictors for early mortality following hip fracture surgery.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Surgical consent by healthcare proxies does not delay surgery in older adult patients with hip fracture.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Calver PangDivision of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, 9th Floor, 10 Pond Street, London, NW3 2PS, UK. calver.pang.17@ucl.ac.Uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9914-4706
A AqilYorkshire and Humber Deanery, Yorkshire, UK.
A MannanHarrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster Park Road, Harrogate, HG2 7SX, UK.
G ThomasAiredale NHS Foundation Trust, Skipton Road, Steeton, Keighley, BD20 6TD, UK.
F S HossainManor Hospital, Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust, Moat Road, Walsall, WS2 9PS, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHip fractures remain a major health concern owing to the increasing elderly population and their association with significant morbidity and mortality. The effects of weekend admission on mortality have been studied since the late 1970s. Despite most studies showing that mortality rates are higher for patients admitted on a weekend, the characteristics of the admitted patients have remained unclear. We aim to investigate this 'weekend effect' at our hospital in patients presenting with a hip fracture.

methodsPatients undergoing acute hip fracture surgery were identified from the local National Hip Fracture Database. Patient demographics, fracture type, co-morbidities and admission blood parameters were examined. The outcome analysed was 30-day mortality. The data were analysed with regard to day of admission, i.e. weekday (Monday to Friday) or weekend (Saturday and Sunday).

resultsA total of 894 patients were included. Results demonstrated that 30-day mortality was similar on the weekend compared with the weekday (6.96% versus 10.39%, OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.36-1.14, p = 0.128) for patients who sustained an acute hip fracture. The total number of deaths within 30 days was 85 (69 weekday versus 16 weekend). This remained non-significant after adjusting for several variables: age and sex only (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.37-1.16, p = 0.146), age, sex, and care variables (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.33-1.06, p = 0.080), age, sex, and blood test results (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.35-1.12, p = 0.111), and all covariates (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.29-1.62, p = 0.392). In the fully adjusted model, the following variables were independent predictors of mortality: sex (male) (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.11-3.35, p = 0.019) and ASA > 2 (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.11-6.11, p = 0.028) and age (1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.13, p < 0.001).

conclusionThe evidence for a 'weekend effect' in patients with a hip fracture is absent in this study. However, we have shown other factors that are associated with increased mortality such as increased age, male sex and higher ASA grade. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overConservative TreatmentDatabases, FactualFemaleFemoral Neck FracturesHospitalizationHospitals, DistrictHospitals, GeneralHumansMaleOrthopedic ProceduresPatient AdmissionRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsUnited Kingdom30-Day mortalityHealthcare qualityHip fractureHip surgeryWeekday admissionWeekend admission

Identifiers

PMID33263820
PMCPMC7710845

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.