ArticleEndocrine connections2021
The economic impact of prevention, monitoring and treatment strategies for iodine deficiency disorders in Germany.
Article in Endocrine connections, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards a Multi-sectoral Approach to Population Health: A Scoping Review of Cross-sectoral Evaluations of Health Interventions.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Review
- Iodine Supplementation Before, During and After Pregnancy.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2026Article
- EUthyroid2: The next step towards the elimination of iodine deficiency and preventable iodine-related disorders in Europe and beyond.European thyroid journal · 2026Article
- [Iodine status of the population in the WHO European Region (an abridged translation of selected sections of the WHO European report)].Problemy endokrinologii · 2025Review
- The Selection of the Optimal Impregnation Conditions of Vegetable Matrices with Iodine.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Introducing a Pole Concept for Nodule Growth in the Thyroid Gland: Taller-than-Wide Shape, Frequency, Location and Risk of Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules in an Area with Iodine Deficiency.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveMore than 30% of the German population suffers from mild to moderate iodine deficiency causing goiter and other iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). The economic burden of iodine deficiency is still unclear. We aimed to assess costs for prevention, monitoring and treatment of IDDs in Germany.
designWe performed a comprehensive cost analysis.
methodsWe assessed direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs for inpatient and outpatient care of IDDs and costs for productivity loss due to the absence of work in 2018. Additionally, we calculated total costs for an IDD prevention program comprising universal salt iodization (USI). We performed threshold analyses projecting how many cases of IDDs or related treatments would need to be avoided for USI to be cost-saving.
resultsAnnual average costs per case in the year of diagnosis were € 211 for goiter/thyroid nodules; € 308 for hyperthyroidism; and € 274 for hypothyroidism. Average one-time costs for thyroidectomy were € 4184 and € 3118 for radioiodine therapy. Average costs for one case of spontaneous abortion were € 916. Annual costs of intellectual disability were € 14,202. In the German population, total annual costs for USI would amount to 8 million Euro. To be cost-saving, USI would need to prevent, for example, 37,900 cases of goiter/thyroid nodules.
conclusionUSI potentially saves costs, if a minimum amount of IDDs per year could be avoided. In order to recommend the implementation of USI, a full health-economic evaluation including a comprehensive benefit-harm assessment is needed.
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