Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2020
Effect of Anacetrapib on Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: A Substudy of the DEFINE Trial.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Its Association With Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Cholesterol efflux capacity of high-density lipoprotein was not associated with cognitive decline and brain structures in older people with diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Trial
- Effect of Anacetrapib on Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: A Substudy of the DEFINE Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Trial
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors: State of the Science.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Recent advances in immunotherapy targeting CETP proteins for atherosclerosis prevention.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Deficiency and Hyperalphalipoproteinemia.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Review
- HDL-Cholesterol and Triglycerides Dynamics: Essential Players in Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- High-density lipoprotein revisited: biological functions and clinical relevance.European heart journal · 2023Review
- High-Density Lipoprotein Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibition Reduces Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events by Lowering Apolipoprotein B Levels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- High Density Lipoproteins: Is There a Comeback as a Therapeutic Target?Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- A sex-specific evolutionary interaction betweeneLife · 2021Article
- Use of Lipid-Modifying Agents for the Treatment of Glomerular Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Dysfunctional High-Density Lipoproteins in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background Anacetrapib is the only cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor proven to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD). However, its effects on reverse cholesterol transport have not been fully elucidated. Macrophage cholesterol efflux (CEC), the initial step of reverse cholesterol transport, is inversely associated with CHD and may be affected by sex as well as haptoglobin copy number variants among patients with diabetes mellitus. We investigated the effect of anacetrapib on CEC and whether this effect is modified by sex, diabetes mellitus, and haptoglobin polymorphism. Methods and Results A total of 574 participants with CHD were included from the DEFINE (Determining the Efficacy and Tolerability of CETP Inhibition With Anacetrapib) trial. CEC was measured at baseline and 24-week follow-up using J774 macrophages, boron dipyrromethene difluoride-labeled cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma. Haptoglobin copy number variant was determined using an ELISA assay. Anacetrapib increased CEC, adjusted for baseline CEC, risk factors, and changes in lipids/apolipoproteins (standard β, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05-0.41). This CEC-raising effect was seen only in men (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.