ArticleBMJ open2020
Is education or income associated with insufficient fruit and vegetable intake among cancer survivors? A cross-sectional analysis of 2017 BRFSS data.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Prevalence of health behaviors among cancer survivors in the United States.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2024Article
- Household Food Insecurity and Maternal-Toddler Fruit and Vegetable Dietary Concordance.Journal of nutrition education and behavior · 2024Article
- Low muscle mass is associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality in cancer survivors.Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Valuing the Diversity of Research Methods to Advance Nutrition Science.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPrevious studies found that low education or income level was associated with insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption (IFVC) among the general population. However, cancer survivors can be heterogeneous from the general population in many aspects. Our objective was to disentangle their association among cancer survivors.
designNationwide cross-sectional survey in the USA.
setting2017 Behaviour Risk Factor Surveillance System.
participants5409 cancer survivors. EXPOSURE AND OUTCOME: Educational level (graduated from college/technical school, attended college/technical school and high school or less) and annual household income (≥US$75 000, US$35 000 to <US$75 000 and <US$35 000) were exposures of interest. IFVC, which was defined as <5 servings/day according to the American Cancer Society recommendation, was treated as the outcome. DATA ANALYSIS: Multivariable logistic regression corrected for sampling weight was performed to estimate the association. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed by age, gender, obesity and physical activity.
resultsOverall, 4750 survivors (weighted percentage: 88.5%) had IFVC. Participants with lower education had a significantly higher rate of IFVC (high school or less vs college graduates: adjusted OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.25, p trend <0.01). The association between income and IFVC was almost null. Associations did not differ in most subgroups; however, the association of lower education appeared to be more substantial among physically inactive survivors (p interaction <0.01).
conclusionLow educational background, not low income, was associated with IFVC among cancer survivors. Prospective cohort studies are needed to verify the conclusion.
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