ArticleSleep medicine2021
The influence of intensity and timing of daily light exposure on subjective and objective sleep in adolescents with an evening circadian preference.
Article in Sleep medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adolescent Insomnia Disorder - Problematic Internet Use Nexus: A Convergent Developmental Trajectory - Bridging Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Molecular Susceptibility, and Environmental-Neurocognitive Cascades.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Review
- Afternoon to early evening bright light exposure reduces later melatonin production in adolescents.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2025Article
- Later ("evening") circadian preference is associated with poorer executive, academic, and attentional functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Light exposure differs by sex in the US, with females receiving less bright light.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2024Article
- Light as a Modulator of Non-Image-Forming Brain Functions-Positive and Negative Impacts of Increasing Light Availability.Clocks & sleep · 2023Review
- Electric lighting, adolescent sleep and circadian outcomes, and recommendations for improving light health.Sleep medicine reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesThe aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between light and sleep, in adolescents with an evening circadian preference.
methodsFor a period of seven days, ninety-nine adolescents wore a wrist actigraph to assess light exposure and objective sleep and completed a sleep diary to assess subjective sleep.
resultsLower average light intensity across the preceding 24 h was associated with a later sleep onset (p < 0.01) and a later next-day sleep offset (p < 0.05). A later time of last exposure to more than 10 lux was associated with a later sleep onset (p < 0.001) and a shorter objective total sleep time (p < 0.001), as well as a later bedtime (p < 0.001) and a shorter subjective total sleep time (p < 0.001). Furthermore, exploratory analyses found that lower average early morning light exposure (between 4 and 9 AM) was associated with later sleep onset (p < 0.05), a later next-day sleep offset (p < 0.05), and a later next-day waketime (p < 0.01), lower average afternoon light exposure (between 2 and 7 PM) was associated with a later next-day sleep offset (p < 0.05), and lower average evening light exposure (between 7 PM and 12 AM) was associated with longer subjective total sleep time (p < 0.01).
conclusionThis study highlights the importance of light exposure, particularly the timing of light exposure, for establishing healthy patterns of sleep among adolescents with a propensity for a delayed bedtime and waketime. These findings provide additional evidence for targeting light exposure when designing interventions to improve adolescent sleep.
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