Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33259531›Full record

ArticlePloS one2020

Voluntary adoption of social welfare-enhancing behavior: Mask-wearing in Spain during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Joan Barceló, Greg Chih-Hsin Sheen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Beyond COVID-19: Behavioral Drivers of Pandemic Prevention in Ghana's Informal Urban Settlements.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
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  7. The Moral Foundations of Vaccine Passports.Journal of business ethics : JBE · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Mask-Wearing Behaviors after Two Years of Wearing Masks Due to COVID-19 in Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Mask-Wearing Perception of Preschool Children in Korea during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Behavioral Economics in the Epidemiology of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Theory and Simulations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Factors Influencing Compliance with COVID-19 Health Measures: A Spanish Study to Improve Adherence Campaigns.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Joan BarcelóDivision of Social Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Greg Chih-Hsin SheenDivision of Social Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0003-1961-7804

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With the spread of COVID-19, more countries now recommend their citizens to wear facemasks in public. The uptake of facemasks, however, remains far from universal in countries where this practice lacks cultural roots. In this paper, we aim to identify the barriers to mask-wearing in Spain, a country with no mask-wearing culture. We conduct one of the first nationally representative surveys (n = 4,000) about this unprecedented public health emergency and identify the profile of citizens who are more resistant to face-masking: young, educated, unconcerned with being infected, and with an introverted personality. Our results further indicate a positive correlation between a social norm of mask-wearing and mask uptake and demonstrate that uptake of facemasks is especially high among the elderly living in localities where mask-wearing behavior is popular. These results are robust when controlling for respondents' demographics, time spent at home, and occupation fixed effects. Our findings can be useful for policymakers to devise effective programs for improving public compliance.

Indexed as

Health BehaviorMasksSurveys and QuestionnairesAdolescentAdultAgedCOVID-19Disease OutbreaksFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPersonalityRisk AssessmentSocial WelfareSpain

Identifiers

PMID33259531
PMCPMC7707551

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.