ArticlePloS one2020
Effect of IRT5 probiotics on dry eye in the experimental dry eye mouse model.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between primary Sjögren's syndrome and gut microbiota disruption: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Pooled it
- Pathophysiology of the gut-eye axis in a Sjögren's disease-like dry eye mouse model: An exploratory evaluation of dietary heat-treated Enterococcus faecalis FK-23.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Lactobacillus Reuteri Isolated from Goats in a Murine Model of Salmonella Infection.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and uveitis: exploring novel mechanisms of inflammatory ocular diseases via the gut-eye axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut-ocular surface axis in dry eye disease: phenotype-specific mechanisms, evidence, and microbiome-targeted interventions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Nutraceutical Intervention of Probiotics in Vision Science: A Systematic Review of Evolving Perspective.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota transfer from autoimmune dry eye mice imprints stereotypic B cell receptor repertoires in the lacrimal gland and induces disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The gut-eye axis in blinding eye diseases: microbiota-driven immune dysregulation and immunomodulatory therapies.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Efficacy of RCI001 as a therapeutic candidate of dry eye disease in a modified mixed dry eye model.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2024Article
- Recommendations for nutritional supplements for dry eye disease: current advances.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Living with your biome: how the bacterial microbiome impacts ocular surface health and disease.Expert review of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The gut-eye axis: the retinal/ocular degenerative diseases and the emergent therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Targeting the Gut-Eye Axis: An Emerging Strategy to Face Ocular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Gut microbiota and eye diseases: a bibliometric study and visualization analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Sjögren's Syndrome Treatments in the Microbiome Era.Advances in geriatric medicine and research · 2023Article
- Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Age-Dependent Distinct Distributions of Dendritic Cells in Autoimmune Dry Eye Murine Model.Cells · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the clinical effects of IRT5 probiotics in the environmental dry eye model.
methodsEight week old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups; control group (n = 16) received oral gavage of 300 μL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) alone once daily, IRT5 group (n = 9) received oral gavage of 1 x 109 CFU IRT5 probiotics powder in 300 μL PBS once daily, both groups for 11 to 12 days. Simultaneously, all mice underwent dry eye induction. Tear secretion, corneal staining and conjunctival goblet cell density were evaluated. Quantative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for inflammation-related markers was performed. 16S ribosomal RNA of fecal microbiome was analyzed and compositional difference, alpha and beta diversities were assessed.
resultsThere was no difference in NEI score but significant increase in tear secretion was observed in IRT5 group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in goblet cell density between groups. Quantative RT-PCR of cornea and conjunctiva revealed increased TNF-α expression in IRT5 group (p < 0.001) whereas other markers did not significantly differ from control. IRT5 group had significantly increased species diversity by Shannon index (p = 0.041). Beta diversity of genus by UniFrac principle coordinates analysis showed significant distance between groups (p = 0.001). Compositional differences between groups were observed and some were significantly associated with tear secretion. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed Christensenellaceae (p = 0.009), Lactobacillus Helveticus group (p = 0.002) and PAC001797_s (p = 0.011) to strongly influence tear secretion.
conclusionIn experimental dry eye model, IRT5 probiotics treatment partially improves experimental dry eye by increasing tear secretion which was associated with and influenced by the change in intestinal microbiome. Also, intestinal microbiome may affect the lacrimal gland through a different mechanism other than regulating inflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.