ArticlePloS one2020
Tobacco smoking and risk of all-cause mortality in Indonesia.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Revisiting exercise-induced premature ventricular complexes as a prognostic factor for mortality in asymptomatic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Beliefs of medicine questionnaire: Translation, validation, and adaptation for post-acute coronary syndrome patients in the south of Sulawesi population, Indonesia.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Use in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study in Indonesia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Mortality and morbidity burden associated with smoking: evidence from a 1.6 million cohort in Hong Kong.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Underdeveloped Areas of Indonesia.Journal of research in health sciences · 2026Article
- Mediating Role of Health Insurance on Socioeconomic Inequalities in Dental Utilisation Patterns Among Indonesian Adults.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Article
- Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype in relation to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in the Indonesian and Korean populations: evidence from two national surveys.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Burden and trends of early-onset gastric cancer in the 11 BRICS countries (2025 expansion): 1990-2021 with projections to 2035.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Time to death and its predictors among adult hypertensive patients attending public health facilities, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: Retrospective cohort study.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Translation, Validity, and Reliability of the Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale (MTWS) in Indonesian.Cureus · 2025Article
- The epidemiology and burden of smoking in countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet. Public health · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Impact of Smoke-Free Policies in Jambi, Indonesia: A Mixed-Methods Approach.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Tobacco smoking in a high-IQ society in Indonesia.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Association between long-term PMEnvironmental monitoring and assessment · 2024Article
- The Effect of Educational Videos Depicting The Impact of Smoking on Young Adults Smokers: A Qualitative Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Assessing the Level of Poverty and Utilization of Government Social Programs Among Tobacco Farmers in Indonesia.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Impact of global smoking prevalence on mortality: a study across income groups.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Active and Passive Smoking as Catalysts for Cognitive Impairment in Rural Indonesia: A Population-based Study.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- In-hospital mortality of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after implementation of national health insurance (NHI) in Indonesia.BMC health services research · 2024Article
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3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tobacco is well known as a risk factor for early morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the relative risk of mortality and the effects of smoking vary among the countries. Indonesia, as one of the world's largest market for smoking tobacco, is significantly affected by tobacco-related illness. Previous research has shown that smoking causes several diseases, including stroke, neoplasm and coronary heart disease. There has to date been no research on the hazard risk of smoking for all-cause mortality in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the association between smoking and all-cause mortality rates in Indonesia. Information from a total of 3,353 respondents aged 40 years and older was collected in this study. The data were taken from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) Wave 4 (2007) to collect personal information and determine smoking status and from Wave 5 (2015) to collect information about deaths. Current smokers make up 40.3% of Indonesia's population. Current smokers were more likely to have a higher risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio = 1.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.11 to 1.98) than non-current smokers. The number of smokers in Indonesia remains high and is expected to increase gradually every year. A firm government policy is needed to reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia which would automatically reduce the health problem of smoking-related illness in the future.
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