ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2021
Evidence of Social and Structural COVID-19 Disparities by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Race/Ethnicity in an Urban Environment.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Access and use of general and mental health services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Telehealth Use and Health Equity for Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2024Pooled it
- Palliative and end-of-life care needs, experiences, and preferences of LGBTQ+ individuals with serious illness: A systematic mixed-methods review.Palliative medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Social determinants of health and migrant access to public healthcare in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Access for Gender-Diverse Adults: A Qualitative Study.Health services insights · 2026Article
- The Association Between Family Planning and Psychological Distress in Individuals With Minoritized Gender Identities in Germany: A Cross-Sectional Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health · 2025Article
- Sexual-orientation disparities in whole person health: age- and gender-stratified analysis of patients in a safety-net system.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Parent Mental Health Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Alcohol Advertising Across Spanish and English Television and Radio Networks in New York City.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and the Syndemic of Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health, Substance Use, and HIV Care Engagement Among Black Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV in the US South.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Determinants of Health Issues of Marginalized Black and Asian Communities: A Social Media Analysis Empowered by Natural Language Processing.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Article
- Lived experiences of farmworkers from five U. S. states during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- COVID-19 Concerns, Coping and Perceived Peer Norms: Correlates of Increased Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among Sexual Minority Women.Journal of homosexuality · 2024Article
- Adaption and Validation of Scales to Measure COVID-19 Stigma Attitudes and Perceptions.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Feasibility of Remote Administration of the Uniform Data Set-Version 3 for Assessment of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2024Article
- Mental Health Care Use among Adolescent Sexual Minority Males Before and During COVID-19.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2024Article
- Trajectories of Mental Distress Among US Women by Sexual Orientation and Racialized Group During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Doomscrolling: Prospective associations between daily COVID news exposure, internalizing symptoms, and substance use among sexual and gender minority individuals assigned female at birth.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2024Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread social, psychological, and economic impacts. However, these impacts are not distributed equally: already marginalized populations, specifically racial/ethnic minority groups and sexual and gender minority populations, may be more likely to suffer the effects of COVID-19. The COVID-19 Resiliency Survey was conducted by the city of Chicago to assess the impact of COVID-19 on city residents in the wake of Chicago's initial lockdown, with particular focus on the experiences of minority populations. Chi-square tests of independence were performed to compare COVID-19-related outcomes and impacts on heterosexual vs. sexual minority populations, cisgender vs. gender minority populations, and White vs. racial/ethnic minority subgroups. Marginalized populations experienced significant disparities in COVID-19 exposure, susceptibility, and treatment access, as well as in psychosocial effects of the pandemic. Notably, Black and Latinx populations reported significant difficulties accessing food and supplies (p = 0.002). Healthcare access disparities were also visible, with Black and Latinx respondents reporting significantly lower levels of access to a provider to see if COVID-19 testing would be appropriate (p = 0.013), medical services (p = 0.001), and use of telehealth for mental health services (p = 0.001). Sexual minority respondents reported significantly lower rates of using telehealth for mental health services (p = 0.011), and gender minority respondents reported significantly lower levels of primary care provider access (p = 0.016). There are evident COVID-19 disparities experienced in Chicago especially for Black, Latinx, sexual minority, and gender minority groups. A greater focus must be paid to health equity, including providing increased resources and supplies for affected groups, adapting to inequities in the built environment, and ensuring adequate access to healthcare services to ameliorate the burden of COVID-19 on these marginalized populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.