ArticleNeuro-oncology2021
Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models of medulloblastoma lack a functional blood-brain barrier.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- New developments and prospects for drug delivery in medulloblastoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Ependymoma group-specific blood-brain barrier differences uncovered by a multi-omics approach.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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- Crosstalk in the brain tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical advances.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Brain neurovascular unit in response to intra- and extra-central nervous system cancers: implications, mechanisms, and challenges.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Current State-of-the-Art Animal Models of Pediatric Brain Tumors.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in pediatric CNS tumors: immunotherapy and nanomedicine-driven strategies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
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- The anti-glypican 1 AT101 antibody as targeting agent to effectively deliver chitosan nanobubbles to glioblastoma cells.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Nanocarriers based therapy and diagnosis of brain diseases: cross the blood-brain barrier.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2025Review
- Review
- Overcoming Treatment Resistance in Medulloblastoma: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Strategies.Cancers · 2024Review
- Progress in building clinically relevant patient-derived tumor xenograft models for cancer research.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Nanoparticle Strategies to Improve the Delivery of Anticancer Drugs across the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Brain Tumors.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Spatial transcriptomic analysis of Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma identifies that the loss of heterogeneity and promotion of differentiation underlies the response to CDK4/6 inhibition.Genome medicine · 2023Article
- Addressing blood-brain-tumor-barrier heterogeneity in pediatric brain tumors with innovative preclinical models.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Multivalent, Bispecific αB7-H3-αCD3 Chemically Self-Assembled Nanorings Direct Potent T Cell Responses against Medulloblastoma.ACS nano · 2022Article
- A mitochondria-targeting lipid-small molecule hybrid nanoparticle for imaging and therapy in an orthotopic glioma model.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Article
- Development and characterization of a rat brain metastatic tumor model by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and histomorphology.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2022Article
- Medulloblastoma: novel insights into emerging therapeutic targets.Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNovel targeted therapies for children diagnosed with medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, are urgently required. A major hurdle in the development of effective therapies is the impaired delivery of systemic therapies to tumor cells due to a specialized endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB). Accordingly, the integrity of the BBB is an essential consideration in any preclinical model used for assessing novel therapeutics. This study sought to assess the functional integrity of the BBB in several preclinical mouse models of MB.
methodsDynamic contrast enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate blood-brain-tumor barrier (BBTB) permeability in a murine genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) MB, patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models of MB (SHH and Gp3), and orthotopic transplantation of GEMM tumor cells, enabling a comparison of the direct effects of transplantation on the integrity of the BBTB. Immunofluorescence analysis was performed to compare the structural and subcellular features of tumor-associated vasculature in all models.
resultsContrast enhancement was observed in all transplantation models of MB. No contrast enhancement was observed in the GEMM despite significant tumor burden. Cellular analysis of BBTB integrity revealed aberrancies in all transplantation models, correlating to the varying levels of BBTB permeability observed by MRI in these models.
conclusionsThese results highlight functional differences in the integrity of the BBTB and tumor vessel phenotype between commonly utilized preclinical models of MB, with important implications for the preclinical evaluation of novel therapeutic agents for MB.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.