ArticleERJ open research2020
Persistent symptoms 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection: the post-COVID-19 syndrome?
Article in ERJ open research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 402 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Physiotherapist Awareness in the Community During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process
Multicentric Evaluation of the Impact on Hypoxia Sensitivity of Patients With COVID-19
Long COVID: Evaluation of Physical and Functional Status
Karakteristik Dan Pengaruh Vaksinasi COVID-19 Terhadap Klinis Dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Long COVID di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Gender Differences in the Recovery Rate Following a Hybrid Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programme in Patients With Long COVID-19 Syndrome
Who cites it
402 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Persistent inflammatory cytokine signature in long Covid-19 patients: a meta-analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions for the management of long covid (post-covid condition): living systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiovascular diseases as risk factors of post-COVID syndrome: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Role of the MicroRNAs in the Pathogenic Mechanism of Painful Symptoms in Long COVID: Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Post-acute COVID-19 symptom risk in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Persistent neurological manifestations in long COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Long COVID Optimal Health Programme to Enhance Mental and Physical Health: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Trial
- Effects of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program with and without telecoaching on health-related outcomes in COVID-19 survivors: a randomized controlled clinical study.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2023Trial
- Inpatient post-COVID-19 rehabilitation program featuring virtual reality-Preliminary results of randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2023Trial
- Improving taste sensitivity in healthy adults using taste recall training: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Self-Rated Health and Persistent Symptoms Among Adults Reporting Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Three- and Nine-Month Follow-Up of Patients with COVID-19: Clinical, Functional, and Radiological Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and characteristics of persistent symptoms following hospitalization for COVID-19: a cross-sectional follow-up study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Symptom Trajectories and Long-Term Sequelae of COVID-19: A Matched Case-Control Study with Population-Based Controls.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating Biomechanical Screening into Protocols for Preventive Health Check-up.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2026Article
- Peak alpha frequency is associated with pain severity in Long COVID patients with new-onset chronic pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional consequences of post-COVID-19 syndrome: Evidence from Qatar, 2022.Qatar medical journal · 2026Article
- Bridging Gaps in Long COVID Therapy: A Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
342 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany patients with COVID-19 did not require hospitalisation, nor underwent COVID-19 testing. There is anecdotal evidence that patients with "mild" COVID-19 may complain about persistent symptoms, even weeks after the infection. This suggests that symptoms during the infection may not resolve spontaneously. The objective of this study was to assess whether multiple relevant symptoms recover following the onset of symptoms in hospitalised and nonhospitalised patients with COVID-19.
methodsA total of 2113 members of two Facebook groups for coronavirus patients with persistent complaints in the Netherlands and Belgium, and from a panel of people who registered on a website of the Lung Foundation Netherlands, were assessed for demographics, pre-existing comorbidities, health status, date of symptoms onset, COVID-19 diagnosis, healthcare utilisation, and the presence of 29 symptoms at the time of the onset of symptoms (retrospectively) and at follow-up (mean±sd 79±17 days after symptoms onset).
resultsOverall, 112 hospitalised patients and 2001 nonhospitalised patients (confirmed COVID-19, n=345; symptom-based COVID-19, n=882; and suspected COVID-19, n=774) were analysed. The median number of symptoms during the infection reduced significantly over time (median (interquartile range) 14 (11-17)
conclusionIn previously hospitalised and nonhospitalised patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19, multiple symptoms are present about 3 months after symptoms onset. This suggests the presence of a "post-COVID-19 syndrome" and highlights the unmet healthcare needs in a subgroup of patients with "mild" or "severe" COVID-19.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.