Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33257417›Full record

Trial reportBMJ global health2020

Planning prompts to promote uptake of HIV services among men: a randomised trial in rural Uganda.

Nolan M Kavanagh, Elisabeth M Schaffer, Alex Ndyabakira, Kara Marson, Diane V Havlir, Moses R Kamya, Dalsone Kwarisiima, Gabriel Chamie, Harsha Thirumurthy

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ global health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02890459 (Innovative Incentive Strategies for Sustainable HIV Testing and Antiretroviral Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02890459 nacompletednot on this map

Innovative Incentive Strategies for Sustainable HIV Testing and Antiretroviral Treatment

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2016 to 2020Enrolled3,580ConditionsHIV/AIDSArmsPrize incentive - Low, Prize incentive - High, Escalating payment incentive, Travel Voucher, Standard care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Healthcare Appointments as Commitment Devices.Economic journal (London, England) · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Nolan M KavanaghDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5701-0993
Elisabeth M SchafferData Science to Patient Value, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Alex NdyabakiraInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda.
Kara MarsonDivision of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Diane V HavlirDivision of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Moses R KamyaInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda.
Dalsone KwarisiimaInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda.
Gabriel ChamieDivision of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Harsha ThirumurthyDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA hthirumu@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

Funding

Innovative incentive strategies for sustainable HIV testing and linkage to careR01MH105254 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHAMIE, GABRIEL, THIRUMURTHY, HARSHA · 2015 to 2019
$3.0M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH105254
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInterventions informed by behavioural economics, such as planning prompts, have the potential to increase HIV testing at minimal or no cost. Planning prompts have not been previously evaluated for HIV testing uptake. We conducted a randomised clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of low-cost planning prompts to promote HIV testing among men.

methodsWe randomised adult men in rural Ugandan parishes to receive a calendar planning prompt that gave them the opportunity to make a plan to get tested for HIV at health campaigns held in their communities. Participants received either a calendar showing the dates when the community health campaign would be held (control group) or a calendar showing the dates and prompting them to select a date and time when they planned to attend (planning prompt group). Participants were not required to select a date and time or to share their selection with study staff. The primary outcome was HIV testing uptake at the community health campaign.

resultsAmong 2362 participants, 1796 (76%) participants tested for HIV. Men who received a planning prompt were 2.2 percentage points more likely to test than the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (77.1% vs 74.9%; 95% CI -1.2 to 5.7 percentage points, p=0.20). The planning prompt was more effective among men enrolled ≤40 days before the campaigns (3.6 percentage-point increase in testing; 95% CI -2.9 to 10.1, p=0.27) than among men enrolled >40 days before the campaigns (1.8 percentage-point increase; 95% CI -2.3 to 5.8, p=0.39), although the effects within the subgroups were not significant.

conclusionThese findings suggest that planning prompts may be an effective behavioural intervention to promote HIV testing at minimal or no cost. Large-scale studies should further assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of such interventions.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsAdultHealth PromotionHumansMaleRural PopulationUgandahealth economicsHIVrandomised controlled trialscreening

Identifiers

PMID33257417
PMCPMC7705572

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.