ArticleBMC public health2020
Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shandong Province, China.International health · 2026Article
- Epidemiological trends of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children under age 10, Jiangning District, Jiangsu, China (2009-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Prevention and control practices of hand, foot, and mouth disease and related factors among teachers and child caregivers in childcare centres in Phitsanulok Province: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Seasonal and Meteorological Drivers of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Outbreaks Using Data-Driven Machine Learning Models.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and interventions on hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China, 2014-2022: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Seroprevalence of human enterovirus A71 in Guangzhou, China, 2019-2021.Biosafety and health · 2023Article
- Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 interventions on the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease in mainland China.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Molecular Epidemiological Study of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in a Kindergarten-Based Setting in Bangkok, Thailand.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe major population vulnerable to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is children aged less than 5 years, particularly those who are cared for at day care centers (DCCs). This study aimed to assess the associations of environmental and sanitation factors with high HFMD occurrence rates in DCCs of northern Thailand.
methodsA case-control study was used to gather information from caregivers and local government administrative officers. DCCs in areas with high and low HFMD occurrence rates were the settings for this study. A validated questionnaire was used to collect environmental and sanitation information from the DCCs. In-depth interviews were used to collect information from selected participants who were working at DCCs and from local government administrative officers on the HFMD capacity and prevention and control strategies in DCCs. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between many environmental factors and HFMD at the α = 0.05 significance level while the content analysis was used to extract information from the interviews.
resultsTwo variables were found to be associated with a high rate of HFMD occurrence: the number of sinks available in restrooms and the DCC size. Children attending DCCs that did not meet the standard in terms of the number of sinks in restrooms had a greater chance of contracting HFMD than children who were attending DCCs that met the standard (AOR = 4.21; 95% CI = 1.13-15.04). Children who were attending a large-sized DCC had a greater chance of contracting HFMD than those attending a small-sized DCC (AOR = 3.28; 95% CI = 1.21-5.18). The yearly budget allocation and the strategies for HFMD control and prevention, including collaborations among stakeholders for HFMD control and prevention in DCCs, were associated with the effectiveness of HFMD control and prevention.
conclusionsThe number of sinks in restrooms and DCC size are major concerns for HFMD outbreaks. Sufficient budget allocation and good collaboration contribute to effective strategies for preventing and controlling HFMD in DCCs.
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