ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Herpes zoster risk and burden of disease in immunocompromised populations: a population-based study using health system integrated databases, 2009-2014.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of herpes zoster risk in adults with immunocompromised conditions and autoimmune diseases in Asia-Pacific.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated and recombinant/inactivated varicella zoster vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- The real-world economic impact of herpes zoster disease in patients with selected underlying conditions in Spain.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Observational
- From awareness to action: Overcoming knowledge gaps and enhancing herpes zoster vaccination counseling among Chinese rheumatologists - Results from a nationwide survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Herpes zoster hospitalization burden in Spain during the initial period of recombinant zoster vaccine implementation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Observational
- Upper eyelid cicatricial ectropion following herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a rare case with surgical management.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Estimation of Costs Related to the Management of Herpes Zoster and its Complications in Vietnam: A Medical Chart Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Rising Burden of Herpes Zoster among General Adults and Increased-Risk Groups in Eastern China, 2015-2021: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Cost-utility and budget impact analysis of herpes zoster vaccines in Thai patients with end-stage renal disease.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Article
- Integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine Approaches for Herpes Zoster and Post-Herpetic Neuralgia: A Narrative Review.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Prevention of herpes zoster in acquired immunocompromised conditions: Review of updates and perspectives from Hong Kong.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Article
- Herpes Zoster Reactivation Following COVID-19 and the Risk of Renal, Infectious, and Autoimmune Complications: A Global Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- From Awareness to Action: Addressing Knowledge Barriers and Promoting Herpes Zoster Vaccination in Chinese Rheumatic Disease Patients.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Review
- Characterization of neutralizing versus binding antibody and T cell responses to varicella-zoster virus in the elderly.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Herpes Zoster: Risk Factors for Occurrence, Complications, and Recurrence with a Focus on Immunocompromised Patients.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Herpes Zoster Risk Among US Cancer Patients Following Initiation of Immunosuppressive Therapy.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEstimate the incidence of herpes zoster (HZ), its complications and healthcare utilization rates in adults (≥ 18-years-old) with a wide range of immunocompromised (IC) conditions compared to IC-free cohort.
methodA population-based retrospective study using the Valencia healthcare Integrated Databases (VID) (2009-2014). HZ and IC were defined using ICD-9 codes in primary care (PC) and hospitalization registers. Incidence rates (IR), risk of HZ, HZ-recurrence, HZ-complications and healthcare utilization rates were estimated in the IC-cohort compared to IC-free.
resultsThe study population consisted of 4,382,590 subjects, of which 578,873 were IC (13%). IR (in 1000 persons-year) of HZ overall, in IC and in IC-free cohort was 5.02, 9.15 and 4.65, respectively. IR of HZ increased with age in both cohorts and it was higher for all IC conditions studied, reaching up to twelvefold in subjects with stem cell transplantation. IC subjects had 51% higher risk of developing HZ, 25% higher HZ-recurrence and the risk of HZ-complications was 2.37 times higher than in IC-free. HZ-related healthcare utilization was higher in the IC-cohort than in IC-free (number of hospitalizations 2.93 times greater, hospital stays 12% longer, 66% more HZ-specialist visits, 2% more PC visits, sick leaves 18% longer and 20% higher antiviral dispensation).
conclusionsPatients suffering from all the IC conditions studied are at higher risk of developing HZ, HZ-recurrence and post-herpetic complications, which implies a substantial morbidity and a high consumption of resources. These results should be considered for vaccine policy implementation.
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