ArticleBMC genomics2020
Comparative transcriptome analysis of male and female flowers in Spinacia oleracea L.
Article in BMC genomics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gibberellin pathway remodeling accompanies ethylene-driven sex reversal inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal Transcriptomic Atlas Reveals the Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Early Inflorescence Development and Sex Differentiation in Spinach.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Multi-omics integrated analysis reveals the impact of cytokinin on sex differentiation in industrial hemp.AoB PLANTS · 2025Article
- Spinach genomes reveal migration history and candidate genes for important crop traits.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Gene Regulatory Network Controlling Flower Development in Spinach (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of dioecious floral development in Trachycarpus fortunei using Illumina and PacBio SMRT sequencing.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Highly sex specific gene expression in Jojoba.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Identification of Sex Differentiation-Related microRNAs in Spinach Female and Male Flower.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- New Insights Into the Local Auxin Biosynthesis and Its Effects on the Rapid Growth of Moso Bamboo (Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Integrative Analyses of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics in Sex Differentiation of Mulberry Flowers.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Global identification of long non-coding RNAs involved in the induction of spinach flowering.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- DNA methylation is involved in sexual differentiation and sex chromosome evolution in the dioecious plant garden asparagus.Horticulture research · 2021Article
- The Diversity of Plant Sex Chromosomes Highlighted through Advances in Genome Sequencing.Genes · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDioecious spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a commercial and nutritional vegetable crop, serves as a model for studying the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in plants. However, this mechanism is still unclear. Herein, based on PacBio Iso-seq and Illumina RNA-seq data, comparative transcriptome analysis of male and female flowers were performed to explore the sex differentiation mechanism in spinach.
resultsCompared with published genome of spinach, 10,800 transcripts were newly annotated; alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and lncRNA were analyzed for the first time, increasing the diversity of spinach transcriptome. A total of 2965 differentially expressed genes were identified between female and male flowers at three early development stages. The differential expression of RNA splicing-related genes, polyadenylation-related genes and lncRNAs suggested the involvement of alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and lncRNA in sex differentiation. Moreover, 1946 male-biased genes and 961 female-biased genes were found and several candidate genes related to gender development were identified, providing new clues to reveal the mechanism of sex differentiation. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that auxin and gibberellin were the common crucial factors in regulating female or male flower development; however, the closely co-expressed genes of these two factors were different between male and female flower, which may result in spinach sex differentiation.
conclusionsIn this study, 10,800 transcripts were newly annotated, and the alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and long-noncoding RNA were comprehensively analyzed for the first time in spinach, providing valuable information for functional genome study. Moreover, candidate genes related to gender development were identified, shedding new insight on studying the mechanism of sex determination and differentiation in plant.
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