ArticleMedical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making2021
Modeling Obesity in Norway (The MOON Study): A Decision-Analytic Approach-Prevalence, Costs, and Years of Life Lost.
Article in Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of body mass index categories with healthcare use and health expenditures in Switzerland: a cross-sectional, community-based study.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Association between adolescent obesity and early adulthood healthcare utilization-a two-cohort prospective study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Disease-specific health spending by age, sex, and type of care in Norway: a national health registry study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Evaluation and prioritization of food environment policies in Norway using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI).Food & nutrition research · 2023Article
- Sedentary Lifestyles and a Hypercaloric Diets During Middle Age, are Binomial Conducive to Fatal Progression, That is Counteracted by the Hormetic Treatment of Exercise, Metformin, and Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone: An Analysis of Female Middle-Aged Rat Liver Mitochondria.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLimited knowledge exists on the expected long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of initiatives aiming to reduce the burden of obesity.
aimTo develop a Norwegian obesity-focused disease-simulation model: the MOON model. MATERIAL AND
methodsWe developed a Markov model and simulated a Norwegian birth cohort's movement between the health states "normal weight,""overweight,""obese 1,""obese 2," and "dead" using a lifetime perspective. Model input was estimated using longitudinal data from health surveys and real-world data (RWD) from local and national registers (
resultsThroughout the cohort's life, the prevalence of overweight increased steadily and stabilized at 45% at 45 y of age. The number of obese 1 and 2 individuals peaked at age 75 y, when 44% of women and 35% of men were obese. The incremental costs per person associated with obesity was highest in older ages and, when accumulated over the lifetime, higher among women (€12,118, €9,495-€15,047) than men (€6,646, €5,252-€10,900). On average, obesity shortened the life expectancy of women/men in the whole cohort by 1.31/1.08 y. The life expectancy for normal-weight women/men at age 30 was 83.31/80.31. The life expectancy was reduced by 1.05/0.65 y if the individual was overweight, obese (2.87/2.71 y), or obese 2 (4.06/4.83 y).
conclusionThe high expected prevalence of obesity in the future will lead to substantial health care costs and large losses in life-years. This underscores the need to implement interventions to reduce the burden of obesity; the MOON model will enable economic evaluations for a wide range of interventions.
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