ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2020
Locating the Origin of Femoral Maltorsion Using 3D Volumetric Technology-The Hockey Stick Theory.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Determining the Origin of Deformity in Torsional Femoral Pathology: A Narrative Review and an Illustrative Pilot Study of a Novel Methodology.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Derotational distal femoral osteotomy yields better outcomes in patellar subluxation with proximal femoral torsion compared with distal femoral torsion: A retrospective comparative study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Comparison of the Quadriceps Muscle Thickness and Function between Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Healthy Subjects using Ultrasonography: An Observational Study.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2024Article
- Distal femoral torsion is correlated with higher-grade trochlear dysplasia and shorter anterior condyles in patients with patellar dislocation and increased femoral torsion.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Local torsion of distal femur is a risk factor for patellar dislocation.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe origin of femoral maltorsion is often unknown. However, defining the origin of the rotation of the femoral maltorsion can be useful for establishing the most suitable point to do an external derotational osteotomy. Previous studies have not considered the femoral diaphysis in their investigations of the origin of the deformity. The study of the whole morphology of the femur with 3D volumetric tools, including the femoral diaphysis can contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of femoral maltorsion.
methodsAn atypical case of unilateral femoral anteversion was selected. Both femurs were used to obtain 3D bio-models. The mirror image of the asymptomatic side was obtained and overlapped with the symptomatic femur. The Hausdorff-Besicovitch method was used to evaluate the morphologic discrepancies (in mm) between the two femurs in three zones: (1) the femoral neck, (2) the proximal diaphysis, and (3) the distal diaphysis. The differences between the two femurs were analyzed and its correlation was statistically defined using a lineal regression model.
resultsThe deformity in the distal diaphysis increased from the supracondylar area until the apex of the antecurvatum angle (
conclusionThe femoral maltorsion originates in the supracondylar area and its rotational axis is the longitudinal axis of the femoral diaphysis. Even though the deformity affects the femoral diaphysis, its clinical relevance is much higher in the femoral neck since the rotational axis passes through its base. Thus, the osteotomy can be conducted along all of the femoral diaphysis as long as it is done perpendicular to it.
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