ArticleMedical hypotheses2020
Role of testosterone in COVID-19 patients - A double-edged sword?
Article in Medical hypotheses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addressing metabolic demands during veno-venous extracorporeal life support: A narrative review.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2026Review
- Spatial Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors and Proteases in Testicular Cells.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2023Article
- Relationship between hair shedding and systemic inflammation in COVID-19 pneumonia.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
- Androgens and COVID-19: exploring the role of testosterone replacement therapy.International journal of impotence research · 2022Review
- Relationship of inflammatory mediators and sex-related parameters in Jordanian adult men patients with Covid-19.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2022Article
- Review
- Hormones and Sex-Specific Medicine in Human Physiopathology.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Testosterone Therapy and Diaphragm Performance in a Male Patient with COVID-19: A Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Androgens in SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections.Physiological research · 2021Review
- Sex-related susceptibility in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Proposed mechanisms.European journal of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Sex-tailored pharmacology and COVID-19: Next steps towards appropriateness and health equity.Pharmacological research · 2021Review
- High Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in an Indigenous Community of the Colombian Amazon Region.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Global Temporal Patterns of Age Group and Sex Distributions of COVID-19.Infectious disease reports · 2021Article
- The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Development of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and the reproductive system: known and the unknown..!!Middle East Fertility Society journal · 2021Review
- Host Sex Steroids Interact With Virus Infection: New Insights Into Sex Disparity in Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Androgen deprivation therapy and excess mortality in men with prostate cancer during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2021Article
- Sex and kidney ACE2 expression in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A NEPTUNE study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Does Coronavirus Disease 2019 Kill More Elderly Men than Women Due to Different Hormonal Milieu.Journal of mid-life healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 affects males twice as frequently as females with significantly increased severity and mortality. Current data suggest a direct correlation between the lower level of serum testosterone, inflammatory cytokines, disease severity, and poor clinical outcomes among male patients with COVID-19. The gradual decline in total and free testosterone levels has a direct correlation with serious pulmonary complications requiring advanced care (ICU, ventilators, ECMO, etc.). SARS-CoV-2 utilizes Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II (ACE2) for entry in the host cell, and Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to prime spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Testosterone induces ACE-2 expression, a critical pulmonary protective enzyme. Low testosterone levels in males have a direct correlation with the high probability of ICU admission and the worse disease outcome (ARDS, duration of ICU stay, mortality). On the contrary, however, high testosterone levels can lead to thrombosis which is also one of the fatal manifestations in COVID-19 patients. A critical evaluation of the serum testosterone and its relevance to COVID-19 is warranted to re-evaluate strategies to effectively triage, prioritize, and manage high-risk patients for ICU admission, survival outcomes, targeted solutions, and operational algorithms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.