Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33254484›Full record

ArticleMedical hypotheses2020

Methylene blue may have a role in the treatment of COVID-19.

Seyyed Mohammad Ghahestani, Elaheh Shahab, Sara Karimi, Mohammad Hamidi Madani

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical hypotheses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Methylene blue for COVID-19 ARDS: insights from a randomized Clinical Trial.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025
    Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Role of vaccination in COVID-19.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Intravenous Methylene Blue as a Rescue Therapy in the Management of Refractory Hypoxia in COVID-19 ARDS Patients: A Case Series.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2021
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Is photodynamic therapy a viable antiviral weapon against COVID-19 in dentistry?Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology · 2021
    Article
  12. Review
  13. From quarantine room: Physician perspective.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Seyyed Mohammad GhahestaniTehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mgrosva@gmail.com.
Elaheh ShahabSemnan University of Medical Sciences(SemUMS), Semnan, Iran.
Sara KarimiAlborz University of Medical Sciences (AbzUMS), Alborz, Iran.
Mohammad Hamidi MadaniShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences(SBMU), Tehran, Iran.
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences · IRSemnan University of Medical Sciences · IRShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences · IRTehran University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this paper, we raise the hypothesis that Methylene Blue may be a treatment option for Corona Virus Disease of 2019 specially when combined with Non Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. In previous publications including ours, the role of kininogen system has been postulated. A correlation between clinical findings of the disease and this mechanism has been drawn to denote a pivotal role of kininogen-kallikrein system in pathophysiology of the disease. Therein the possible role of Icatibant, Ecallantide and Aprotinin in the treatment of this disease has been raised. Here we want to emphasize on an important post-receptor mechanism of bradykinin that is Nitric Oxide. We came to this aim because we found out how access to these novel treatment nominees may be expensive and unaffordable. For this reason we are focusing on possible role of an old albeit "mysterious" drug namely Methylene Blue. This medication may abort effects of Bradykinin by inhibition of Nitric Oxide synthase inhibitor and promote oxygen saturation while it is inexpensive and ubiquitously accessible. Clinical studies cannot be over emphasized.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AprotininBradykininCytokinesHumansKininogensMethylene BlueModels, TheoreticalNitric OxideNitric Oxide SynthasePeptidesRenin-Angiotensin SystemACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AprotininBradykininCytokinesecallantideicatibantKininogensMethylene BlueNitric OxideNitric Oxide SynthasePeptidesAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2AprotininBradykininCOVID-19EcallantideIcatibantMethylene blueNSAIDSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33254484
PMCPMC7409924
OpenAlexW3047380155

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.