ArticlePloS one2020
Disentangling comorbidity in chronic pain: A study in primary health care settings from India.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Common and specific large-scale brain changes in major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and chronic pain: a transdiagnostic multimodal meta-analysis of structural and functional MRI studies.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Food Insecurity Among Patients with Chronic Pain in an Urban Slum of Delhi: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pain Among Older People in Mexico: Evidence From MHAS 2018.Journal of aging research · 2026Article
- Assessing and Managing Pain in Dementias: Insights From Interdisciplinary Text Message Communications.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2025Article
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- The Locus Coeruleus in Chronic Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Prioritizing chronic pain self-management amid coexisting chronic illnesses: An exploratory qualitative study.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2024Article
- Pain, comorbidities, and clinical decision-making: conceptualization, development, and pilot testing of the Pain in Aging, Educational Assessment of Need instrument.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Case report: Methylphenidate improved chronic pain in an adult patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
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- Risk factors for failed back surgery syndrome following open posterior lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Is there hemispheric specialization in the chronic pain brain?Experimental neurology · 2022Review
- Does Low Grade Systemic Inflammation Have a Role in Chronic Pain?Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe study examined the prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of chronic pain among primary care patients in the state of Kerala, India. It also examined the patterns and relationships of chronic physical and mental health conditions with chronic pain.
methodsThis study is a cross-sectional survey conducted among 7165 adult patients selected randomly by a multi-stage stratified design from 71 primary health centers. The questionnaires administered included Chronic pain screening questionnaire, self-reported Chronic physical health condition checklist, Patient Health Questionnaire-SADS, The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule and WHOQOL- BREF for Quality/Satisfaction with Life. The prevalence and comorbid patterns of chronic pain were determined. Logistic regression analysis and generalized linear mixed-effects model was employed to examine the relationship of chronic pain to socio-demographic variables and examined physical and mental health conditions.
resultsA total of 1831 (27%) patients reported chronic pain. Among those with chronic pain, 28.3% reported no co-occurring chronic mental or physical illness, 35.3% reported one, and 36.3% reported multi-morbidity. In the multivariate analysis, patients with chronic pain when compared to those without had higher odds of being older, female, having lower education, not living with their family, greater disability, and poor satisfaction with life. Chronic pain was independently associated with both medical (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, arthritis, and other medical illnesses) and mental health conditions (depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and tobacco dependence). It showed a varying strength of association and additive effect with increasing number of co-occurring physical and mental illnesses.
conclusionsChronic pain is a common condition among primary care attendees associated with significant burden of medical and mental health comorbidity. The findings highlight the need to incorporate treatment models that will ensure appropriate management to improve outcomes within the resource constraints.
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