ArticlePain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain2021
Using Visual Feedback Manipulation in Virtual Reality to Influence Pain-Free Range of Motion in People with Nonspecific Neck Pain.
Article in Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altering visual feedback during reaching: no mitigating effect on pain for individuals with complex regional pain syndrome, but visuomotor adaptation is preserved.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Usability and expert validation of a virtual reality system for post-mastectomy rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- Immersive virtual reality in orthopaedics-a narrative review.International orthopaedics · 2024Review
- Clinical Applications of Virtual Reality in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBased on associative learning theories it is hypothesized that pain might be a conditioned response. In people with musculoskeletal pain, the occurrence of movement-induced pain might be a protective response, influenced by visual cues suggesting that the person is approaching a painful position. This study aimed to determine (1) whether the pain-free range of motion (ROM) increased and decreased when visual feedback understated or overstated true rotation in people with neck pain and (2) whether this effect was more pronounced if pain was chronic.
methodPeople with subacute and chronic nonspecific neck pain wore a VR-headset and rotated their head to the left and right until the onset of pain. Visual feedback about the amount of movement was either equal, 20% less, or 20% greater than their actual rotation. Maximal pain-free ROM was measured using the VR-headset sensors. Data were analyzed using a mixed-design ANOVA.
resultsThere was no effect of visual feedback manipulation on pain-free ROM (P = 0.13) and no interaction effect between the visual feedback condition and duration of pain (P = 0.86). DISCUSSION: The inability to influence pain-free ROM by manipulating visual feedback in people with subacute or chronic neck pain does not support associative learning theories for the perception of neck pain.
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