ArticleCritical care explorations2020
Delirium Incidence, Duration, and Severity in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.
Article in Critical care explorations, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of melatoninergic agonists in preventing delirium in the ICU: an updated dose‒response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise therapy for the treatment of delirium in the intensive care unit.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of systemic complications of COVID-19 in critically ill patients: systematic review with meta-analysis.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Pooled it
- Neurological and Head/Eyes/Ears/Nose/Throat Manifestations of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques · 2022Pooled it
- Delirium is a good predictor for poor outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Pooled it
- Predicting delirium in critically Ill COVID-19 patients using EEG-derived data: a machine learning approach.GeroScience · 2026Observational
- Combination antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy mitigates persistent neurological deficits in mice post SARS-CoV-2 infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Predicting ICU Delirium in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Using Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Admission Data: A Machine Learning Approach.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Persistent Neurological Deficits in Mouse PASC Reveal Antiviral Drug Limitations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Discovery of Delirium Biomarkers through Minimally Invasive Serum Molecular Fingerprinting.Metabolites · 2024Article
- The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on delirium incidence in Ontario long-term care homes: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of alcohol abuse potentially predict delirium, delirium duration and mortality in critically ill patients.iScience · 2023Article
- Association of Delirium and Depression with Respiratory and Outcome Measures in COVID-19 Inpatients.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Incidence Rate and Factors Associated with Delirium and Subsyndromal Delirium in Patients with COVID-19 in an Intensive Care Unit.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Frequency of delirium and its associated factors among COVID-19 inpatients in Iran.The clinical respiratory journal · 2023Article
- Risk factors and outcomes of delirium in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Aging and health research · 2023Review
- Relationship Among Clinically Obtained Biomarkers of Inflammation, Hypercoagulability, and Macrophage Activation, and Delirium in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19.Critical care explorations · 2023Article
- Characteristics of delirium and its association with sedation and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Impairment of central language processing in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients with delirium.Brain communications · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of sustentacular cells disrupts olfactory signaling pathways.JCI insight · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine delirium occurrence rate, duration, and severity in patients admitted to the ICU with coronavirus disease 2019.
designRetrospective data extraction study from March 1, 2020, to June 7, 2020. Delirium outcomes were assessed for up to the first 14 days in ICU.
settingTwo large, academic centers serving the state of Indiana. PATIENTS: Consecutive patients admitted to the ICU with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction test from March 1, 2020, to June 7, 2020, were included. Individuals younger than 18 years of age, without any delirium assessments, or without discharge disposition were excluded. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsPrimary outcomes were delirium rates and duration, and the secondary outcome was delirium severity. Two-hundred sixty-eight consecutive patients were included in the analysis with a mean age of 58.4 years (sd, 15.6 yr), 40.3% were female, 44.4% African American, 20.7% Hispanic, and a median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 18 (interquartile range, 13-25). Delirium without coma occurred in 29.1% of patients, delirium prior to coma in 27.9%, and delirium after coma in 23.1%. The first Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU assessment was positive for delirium in 61.9%. Hypoactive delirium was the most common subtype (87.4%). By day 14, the median number of delirium/coma-free were 5 days (interquartile range, 4-11 d), and median Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU-7 score was 6.5 (interquartile range, 5-7) indicating severe delirium. Benzodiazepines were ordered for 78.4% of patients in the cohort. Mechanical ventilation was associated with greater odds of developing delirium (odds ratio, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.1-22.2;
conclusionsDelirium without coma occurred in 29.1% of patients admitted to the ICU. Delirium persisted for a median of 5 days and was severe. Mechanical ventilation was significantly associated with odds of delirium even after adjustment for sedatives. Clinical attention to manage delirium duration and severity, and deeper understanding of the virus' neurologic effects is needed for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
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