ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2020
Programmed death 1, ligand 1 and 2 correlated genes and their association with mutation, immune infiltration and clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Core regulatory mechanisms of the PD-L1 axis and clinical strategies for immune escape and immunotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Exploration of potential biomarkers in salivary duct carcinoma based on bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Expression of PSMD2 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma and its correlation with immune checkpoints and prognosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immuno-Activated, Highly Expressing PD-1 Phenotype in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is Associated with a Lower Recurrence Rate.Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signatures in Tumor Immune Infiltration in Bladder Cancer.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025Article
- Integrated bioinformatics investigation of adenylyl cyclase family co-expression network in bladder cancer followed by preliminary validation of member 2 (Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- The link between intracellular calcium signaling and exosomal PD-L1 in cancer progression and immunotherapy.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
- The expression of two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family molecules in papillary thyroid cancer and their effect on prognosis.Endocrine · 2023Article
- Clinical implications of aberrant PD-1 expression for acute leukemia prognosis.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Radiomic Analysis Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Predicting PD-L2 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Programmed cell death-1 and its ligands: Current knowledge and possibilities in immunotherapy.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2023Review
- Considering Computational Mathematics IGHG3 as Malignant Melanoma Is Associated with Immune Infiltration of Malignant Melanoma.BioMed research international · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe exact regulation network of programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) signaling in immune escape is largely unknown. We aimed to describe the gene expression profiles related to PD-1 as well as its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, thus deciphering their possible biological processes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
aimTo find the possible mechanism of function of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in HCC.
methodsBased on the expression data of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas, the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 related genes were screened by weighted correlation network analysis method and the biological processes of certain genes were enriched. Relation of PD1/PD-L1/PD-L2 with immune infiltration and checkpoints was investigated by co-expression analysis. The roles of PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 in determination of clinical outcome were also analyzed.
resultsMutations of calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E, catenin beta 1, ryanodine receptor 2, tumor suppressor protein p53, and Titin altered PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 expression profiles in HCC. PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 related genes were mainly enriched in biological procedures of T cell activation, cell adhesion, and other important lymphocyte effects. In addition, PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 was related with immune infiltration of CD8 T cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and myeloid dendritic cells. Immune checkpoints of CTLA4, CD27, CD80, CD86, and CD28 were significantly related to the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 axis. Clinically, PD-1 and PD-L2 expression was correlated with recurrence (
conclusionMutations of key genes influence PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 expression. PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 related genes participate in T cell activation, cell adhesion, and other important lymphocyte effects. The finding that PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 is related to immune infiltration and other immune checkpoints would expand our understanding of promising anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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