ArticleHandbook of experimental pharmacology2022
Structure and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).
Article in Handbook of experimental pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Master Regulators of Cellular Signaling, Tissue Development, and Neural Function.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Review
- Multicompartment Drug Monitoring Reveals Paired Brain-Liver Kinetics and Selective Central Nervous System Barrier Permeability in Rats.ACS sensors · 2026Article
- Overcoming barriers: mechanisms and strategies of nanoparticles in overcoming the blood-brain barrier and drug resistance in glioblastomas.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- The XGBoost Model Versus the Logistic Regression Model Created Based on Serum Markers in Predicting the Risk of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment Following Acute Ischemic Stroke.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Ang II-mediated effects on BBB integrity in psychiatric and neurological disorders.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Targeting epigenetic remodeling of the blood-brain barrier: current knowledge for drug therapy.Epigenomics · 2026Review
- The Role of miRNAs in Regulating Neurovascular Unit Homeostasis: Bidirectional Communication and Therapeutic Insights in Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A spatiotemporal atlas of cerebrovascular development in zebrafish.Nature communications · 2026Article
- L-Borneolum Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Through Remodeling BBB Transporter Function via Regulating MFSD2A/Cav-1 Signaling Pathway.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Blood-spinal cord barrier disruption after spinal cord injury: a time-dependent mechanistic review.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Serum Cortisol and Interleukin-6 as Key Biomarkers for a Diagnostic Algorithm of Combat-Related PTSD.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Across Barriers: Blood-Brain and Gut Barrier Signaling in Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Bridging regional neurovascular unit heterogeneity and cognitive function: a review.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Review
- The Role of Astrocytes in Poststroke Rehabilitation.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
- Lactate-coated polyurea-siRNA dendriplex: a gene therapy-directed and metabolism-based strategy to impair glioblastoma (GBM).Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
- Mannitol-facilitated entry of vancomycin into the central nervous system inhibits neuroinflammation in a rat model of MRSA intracranial infection by modulating brain endothelial cells.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Neuroprotective Potential ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Breaking the Barrier: The Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines in BBB Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Involvement of RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway in Methamphetamine-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption.Biomolecules · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the vertebrate central nervous system from harmful blood-borne, endogenous and exogenous substances to ensure proper neuronal function. The BBB describes a function that is established by endothelial cells of CNS vessels in conjunction with pericytes, astrocytes, neurons and microglia, together forming the neurovascular unit (NVU). Endothelial barrier function is crucially induced and maintained by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and requires intact NVU for proper functionality. The BBB and the NVU are characterized by a specialized assortment of molecular specializations, providing the basis for tightening, transport and immune response functionality.The present chapter introduces state-of-the-art knowledge of BBB structure and function and highlights current research topics, aiming to understanding in more depth the cellular and molecular interactions at the NVU, determining functionality of the BBB in health and disease, and providing novel potential targets for therapeutic BBB modulation. Moreover, we highlight recent advances in understanding BBB and NVU heterogeneity within the CNS as well as their contribution to CNS physiology, such as neurovascular coupling, and pathophysiology, is discussed. Finally, we give an outlook onto new avenues of BBB research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.