ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2021
Systems and Clinical Pharmacology of COVID-19 Therapeutic Candidates: A Clinical and Translational Medicine Perspective.
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of Drug Interaction Adverse Events in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Long-acting Injectable Containing Lopinavir Eliminates Reliance on Ritonavir Pharmacokinetic Enhancement.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- SAAM II: A general mathematical modeling rapid prototyping environment.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Physiologically based Pharmacokinetic Model Validated to Enable Predictions Of Multiple Drugs in a Long-acting Drug-combination Nano-Particles (DcNP): Confirmation with 3 HIV Drugs, Lopinavir, Ritonavir, and Tenofovir in DcNP Products.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Viral dissemination and immune activation modulate antiretroviral drug levels in lymph nodes of SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Current Treatments for COVID-19: Application of Supercritical Fluids in the Manufacturing of Oral and Pulmonary Formulations.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Overview of clinical outcome and therapeutic effectiveness of Favipiravir in patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care unit, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 3 HIV Drugs in Combination and the Role of Lymphatic System after Subcutaneous Dosing. Part 2: Model for the Drug-combination Nanoparticles.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 3 HIV Drugs in Combination and the Role of Lymphatic System after Subcutaneous Dosing. Part 1: Model for the Free-Drug Mixture.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Sex-Related Factors in Cardiovascular Complications Associated to COVID-19.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Antiviral Therapeutic Approaches for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Quest for System-Theoretical Medicine in the COVID-19 Era.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Over 50 million people have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, while around 1 million have died due to COVID-19 disease progression. COVID-19 presents flu-like symptoms that can escalate, in about 7-10 days from onset, into a cytokine storm causing respiratory failure and death. Although social distancing reduces transmissibility, COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics are essential to regain socioeconomic normalcy. Even if effective and safe vaccines are found, pharmacological interventions are still needed to limit disease severity and mortality. Integrating current knowledge and drug candidates (approved drugs for repositioning among >35 candidates) undergoing clinical studies (>3000 registered in ClinicalTrials.gov), we employed Systems Pharmacology approaches to project how antivirals and immunoregulatory agents could be optimally evaluated for use. Antivirals are likely to be effective only at the early stage of infection, soon after exposure and before hospitalization, while immunomodulatory agents should be effective in the later-stage cytokine storm. As current antiviral candidates are administered in hospitals over 5-7 days, a long-acting combination that targets multiple SARS-CoV-2 lifecycle steps may provide a long-lasting, single-dose treatment in outpatient settings. Long-acting therapeutics may still be needed even when vaccines become available as vaccines are likely to be approved based on a 50% efficacy target.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.