ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2021
A high-protein total diet replacement increases energy expenditure and leads to negative fat balance in healthy, normal-weight adults.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Controlled, Cross-over Trial Investigating the Impact of a High Protein Diet on Substrate Oxidation and Energy Metabolism in Healthy Women
A Randomized, Controlled, Cross-over Trial Investigating the Impact of a High-protein Diet on Energy Metabolism in Healthy Men
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Varying Protein Amounts and Types on Diet-Induced Thermogenesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Short-term effects of high-protein, lower-carbohydrate ultra-processed foods on human energy balance.Nature metabolism · 2025Trial
- Changes in 24-h energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, and body composition following resistance exercise and a high protein diet via whey protein supplementation in healthy older men.Physiological reports · 2022Trial
- A high-protein total diet replacement alters the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis in healthy, normal-weight adults.European journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Article
- From classical dualistic antagonism to hormone synergy: potential of overlapping action of glucagon, insulin and GLP-1 for the treatment of diabesity.Endocrine connections · 2024Review
- Soda intake influences phenotype, antioxidants and inflammatory status in high protein-fed wistar rats.Heliyon · 2023Article
- A soy-yoghurt-honey product as a therapeutic functional food: mode of action and narrative review.Heliyon · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigh-protein diets and total diet replacements are becoming increasingly popular for weight loss; however, further research is needed to elucidate their impact on the mechanisms involved in weight regulation.
objectiveThe aim of this inpatient metabolic balance study was to compare the impact of a high-protein total diet replacement (HP-TDR) versus a control diet (CON) on select components of energy metabolism in healthy adults of both sexes.
methodsThe acute intervention was a randomized, controlled, crossover design with participants allocated to 2 isocaloric arms: 1) HP-TDR: 35% carbohydrate, 40% protein, and 25% fat achieved through a nutritional supplement; 2) CON: 55% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 30% fat. Participants received the prescribed diets for 32 h while inside a whole-body calorimetry unit (WBCU). The first dietary intervention randomly offered in the WBCU was designed to maintain energy balance and the second matched what was offered during the first stay. Energy expenditure, macronutrient oxidation rates and balances, and metabolic blood markers were assessed. Body composition was measured at baseline using DXA.
resultsForty-three healthy, normal-weight adults (19 females and 24 males) were included. Compared with the CON diet, the HP-TDR produced higher total energy expenditure [(EE) 81 ± 82 kcal/d, P <0.001], protein and fat oxidation rates (38 ± 34 g/d, P <0.001; 8 ± 20 g/d, P = 0.013, respectively), and a lower carbohydrate oxidation rate (-38 ± 43 g/d, P <0.001). Moreover, a HP-TDR led to decreased energy (-112 ± 85 kcal/d; P <0.001), fat (-22 ± 20 g/d; P <0.001), and carbohydrate balances (-69 ± 44 g/d; P <0.001), and increased protein balance (90 ± 32 g/d; P <0.001).
conclusionsOur primary findings were that a HP-TDR led to higher total EE, increased fat oxidation, and negative fat balance. These results suggest that a HP-TDR may promote fat loss compared with a conventional isocaloric diet. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02811276 and NCT03565510.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.