ArticleBMJ open2020
3D-printed brace in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a study protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- On mobility and gait in scoliosis patients: a comparison of conventional and 3D-printed braces during an instrumented timed-up and go test.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Trial
- Evaluating Interface Pressure Distribution and Range of Motion in a Mesh-Structure 3D-Printed Lumbar Brace.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Global evolution of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis research (1990-2025): a bibliometric and visualization analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Brace Dose in Scoliosis: Measurement, Monitoring, and Clinical Decision-Making-A Narrative Review.Orthopedic research and reviews · 2026Review
- Reconceiving orthopaedic spinal braces for spinal muscular atrophy treatment: A digital modeling and 3D printing combined framework.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Advancements in 3D printing technologies for personalized treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Advances in Diagnosis and Management.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025Review
- Automated design of nighttime braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with global shape optimization using a patient-specific finite element model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Predicting spinal column profile from surface topography via 3D non-contact surface scanning.PloS one · 2023Article
- Additive Manufacturing of Spinal Braces: Evaluation of Production Process and Postural Stability in Patients with Scoliosis.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effect of Window and Hole Pattern Cut-Outs on Design Optimization of 3D Printed Braces.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. Brace treatment is effective for eligible patients with AIS and the effectiveness is significantly correlated with the average brace-wear time per day. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is a recent advancement that offers unique opportunities for biomedical applications, and customisation of scoliosis braces might lead to greater patient satisfaction and improved compliance. We present here the design of a randomised controlled trial on the clinical effectiveness of 3D-printed braces versus thoracolumbosacral orthoses (TLSO) for patients with AIS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Patients with AIS (age 10-16 years) with Risser sign 0-II, Cobb angle of main curve of 20°-40°, premenarchal or no more than 1-year postmenarchal (for women), and no history of treatment are eligible, unless they are unable to tolerate the treatment or refuse participation. A total of 88 patients will be randomised into either the 3D group or TLSO group on a 1:1 basis. Participants in the 3D group will choose between a 3D-printed brace and TLSO, according to the Zelen's design of the trial. Primary outcome measures will include the average brace-wear time per day, health-related quality of life and Cobb angle progression of the primary curve. Secondary outcome measures will include immediate in-brace correction of Cobb angle of the primary curve, rate of conversion to surgery and incidence of any adverse events. This study is designed as a single-centre, two-arm, superiority and open-label randomised controlled trial. The sample size is calculated with reference to the preliminary study and based on the sample size calculation formula. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Peking University Third Hospital Medicine Science Research Ethics Committee (No: 2019-017-02). Results of the trial will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and as conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR1900027379, pre-results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.