ReviewRespiratory medicine2021
Pulmonary pathology of ARDS in COVID-19: A pathological review for clinicians.
Review in Respiratory medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
182 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 322 citations in OpenAlex.
- Catalase: A Potential Pharmacologic Target for Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of COVID-19.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19-Associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS): Mechanistic insights on therapeutic intervention and emerging trends.International immunopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Elevated Procalcitonin Is Positively Associated with the Severity of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis Based on 10 Cohort Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- The effect of prostacyclin infusion on markers of endothelial activation and damage in mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of critical care · 2022Trial
- Prostacyclin in Intubated Patients with COVID-19 and Severe Endotheliopathy: A Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Trial
- Pulmonary and cerebral damage in COVID-19 survivors: is there any association?Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Multi-antigen coronavirus vaccine induces potent and durable cross-protection against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Vascular Immune Crosstalk in COVID-19: RAAS Biomarker Signature Linking Angiotensin II to Respiratory Compromise and Soluble ACE2 to IL-13 and FGF, Revealing Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Fatal hemothorax following complicated VV-ECMO cannulation in an anticoagulated patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Article
- New Mechanistic Insights Into Nobiletin's Protective Effects Against LPS-Induced Hyperinflammatory Acute Lung Injury in Rats: Targeting miR-200, AT1R/p38 MAPK, and HMGB1/NF-κB mTOR Pathways.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2026Article
- The Extracellular Matrix and the Immune System in Acute Lung Injury: Partners in Damage and Repair.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Severe myocardium suppression in two congenital heart disease patients after remdesivir use - a case report.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Advanced nanotherapies for precision treatment of inflammatory lung diseases.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Scar wars: the viral menace.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Review
- Amygdalin regulated vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor to protect alveolar epithelial barrier against lung injury induced by influenza a virus.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- REACH-OUT: Race, Ethnicity, and Air Pollution in COVID-19 Hospitalization OUTcomes.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- Pathophysiological Insights and Clinical Management Strategies for Interstitial Lung Diseases.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection resolution in human lung tissues.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- IL-24 in COVID-19 Patients: Correlations with Disease Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 has quickly reached pandemic levels since it was first reported in December 2019. The virus responsible for the disease, named SARS-CoV-2, is enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses. During its replication in the cytoplasm of host cells, the viral genome is transcribed into proteins, such as the structural protein spike domain S1, which is responsible for binding to the cell receptor of the host cells. Infected patients have initially flu-like symptoms, rapidly evolving to severe acute lung injury, known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is characterized by an acute and diffuse inflammatory damage into the alveolar-capillary barrier associated with a vascular permeability increase and reduced compliance, compromising gas exchange and causing hypoxemia. Histopathologically, this condition is known as diffuse alveolar damage which consists of permanent damage to the alveoli epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells, with consequent hyaline membrane formation and eventually intracapillary thrombosis. All of these mechanisms associated with COVID-19 involve the phenotypic expression from different proteins transcription modulated by viral infection in specific pulmonary microenvironments. Therefore, this knowledge is fundamentally important for a better pathophysiological understanding and identification of the main molecular pathways associated with the disease evolution. Evidently, clinical findings, signs and symptoms of a patient are the phenotypic expression of these pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, no findings alone, whether molecular, clinical, radiological or pathological axis are sufficient for an accurate diagnosis. However, their intersection and/or correlation are extremely critical for clinicians establish the diagnosis and new treatment perspectives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.