ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Severity of Proteinuria Is Directly Associated With Risk of Hypothyroidism in Adults.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Correlation Between Impaired Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity and Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Optimizing Care for Primary Glomerulonephritis: The Role of Thyroid Evaluation.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Observational
- Association between hypothyroidism and nephrotic syndrome: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Renal failure · 2024Article
- The impact of severe nephrotic syndrome on thyroid function, nutrition and coagulation.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Endocrine Disorders in Nephrotic Syndrome-A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with albuminuria in the euthyroid population: results from NHANES.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2024Article
- Observational
- Article
- Nonautoimmune overt hypothyroidism in the early stages of nephrotic syndrome: a case report from Somalia.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Significance of thyroid dysfunction in the patients with primary membranous nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Kidney disease and thyroid dysfunction: the chicken or egg problem.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- Article
- Factors influencing the levothyroxine dose in the hormone replacement therapy of primary hypothyroidism in adults.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- It's Not Lupus This Time! A Case of Worsening Hypothyroidism in a Patient With Nephrotic Syndrome.Cureus · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextProteinuria can cause or exacerbate hypothyroidism, possibly due to urinary loss of protein-bound thyroid hormone. However, the precise relationship between proteinuria and hypothyroidism remains unclear.
objectiveThis work aimed to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with proteinuria and the relationship between hypothyroidism and degree of proteinuria.
designA retrospective cohort study was conducted from December 1979 to March 2015.
settingThis study was conducted at a large academic hospital. PATIENTS: All paired samples of urine protein and serum thyrotropin (TSH), measured within 24 hours, were obtained from adults (age > 18 years) with at least one instance of urine protein greater than 0.2 g/day or mg/mg creatinine.
main outcome measuresSamples were stratified by urine protein tertile. Mean TSH and risk of TSH elevation were compared among tertiles using analysis of covariance and generalized estimating equations controlled for age, sex, samples per patient, and levothyroxine treatment.
resultsA total of 2676 samples were identified from 2136 patients. Mean ± SE TSH (mIU/L) was increased in the highest tertile of urine protein (> 1.75g/day) compared to the lower 2 tertiles (2.09 ± 0.07 vs 1.59 ± 0.07, 1.59 ± 0.06, P < .001). The highest tertile had a greater prevalence of TSH greater than 5 mIU/L (17.2% vs 10.5%, 11.9%, P < .001) but a similar risk of TSH greater than 5 mIU/L (odds ratio [OR] 1.44; 95% CI, 0.67-3.09, P = .35). The highest tertile also had a higher prevalence (6.2% vs 3.4%, 2.6%, P = .003) and risk (OR 1.72; 95% CI, 1.05-2.84, P = .008) of TSH greater than 10 mIU/L. Similar results were observed when comparing samples with nephrotic-range proteinuria (> 3.5g/day) to those with lesser proteinuria.
conclusionHypothyroidism is common among adults with proteinuria, and the risk of hypothyroidism is directly related to the severity of proteinuria.
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