ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2021
Vitamin D and Vitamin K Concentrations in Human Brain Tissue Are Influenced by Freezer Storage Time: The Memory and Aging Project.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations among Dietary Intakes, Blood Biomarkers, and Postmortem Brain Tissue Concentrations of Vitamins D and K in Older Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Warfarin Treatment is Associated With Lower Postmortem Brain Vitamin K Concentrations in Older Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- A Sensitive Method for Determination 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Human Brain using Ultra-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Vitamin K and the Visual System-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- A highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of 7 vitamin D metabolites in mouse brain tissue.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Fish Microbiome Modulation and Convenient Storage of Aquafeeds When Supplemented with Vitamin K1.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Vitamin K Status and Cognitive Function in Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort.Current developments in nutrition · 2022Article
- Sample preparation techniques for extraction of vitamin D metabolites from non-conventional biological sample matrices prior to LC-MS/MS analysis.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2022Review
- Association of vitamin K with cognitive decline and neuropathology in community-dwelling older persons.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2022Article
- Carotenoid-Rich Brain Nutrient Pattern Is Positively Correlated With Higher Cognition and Lower Depression in the Oldest Old With No Dementia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Association of Vitamin K Insufficiency With Cognitive Dysfunction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVitamins D and K, which are present in human brain, may have a role in neurodegenerative disease.
objectivesGiven the interest in measuring nutrient concentrations in archived brain samples, it is important to evaluate whether freezer storage time affects these concentrations. Therefore, we evaluated differences in vitamin D and vitamin K concentrations in human brain samples stored for various lengths of time.
methodsPostmortem brain samples were obtained from 499 participants in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (mean age 92 y, 72% female). Concentrations of vitamins D and K and their metabolites were measured in 4 regions (midtemporal cortex, midfrontal cortex, cerebellum, anterior watershed white matter) using LC-MS/MS and HPLC, respectively. The predominant forms were 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] and menaquinone-4 (MK4). ANOVA was used to determine if concentrations differed according to storage time.
resultsThe geometric mean of the mean 25(OH)D3 concentration (across 4 regions) in brains stored for 1.1 to 6.0 y did not differ from that in brains stored ≤1.0 y (all P ≥ 0.37), whereas 25(OH)D3 in brains stored >6.0 y was 31-40% lower (P ≤ 0.003). MK4 had similar results, with the geometric mean MK4 concentration in the brains stored ≥9.0 y being 48-52% lower than those in brains stored ≤1.0 y (P ≤ 0.012). The 25(OH)D3 and MK4 concentrations were positively correlated across all 4 regions (all Spearman ρ ≥ 0.79, P < 0.001).
conclusions25(OH)D3 and MK4 appear to be stable in brain tissue from older adults stored at -80°C for up to 6 and 9 y, respectively, but not longer. Freezer storage time should be considered in the design and interpretation of studies using archived brain tissue.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.