Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33244632›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2021

Predisposing factors for the development of diabetic ketoacidosis with lower than anticipated glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients on SGLT2-inhibitors: a review.

Adeboye Olakunle Bamgboye, Isaac Oluwadamilare Oni, Andrew Collier

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. [Hospital diabetes management (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026
    Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Current practices of SGLT2 inhibitor use and ketone monitoring in intensive care units: A multicentre observational study.Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Adeboye Olakunle BamgboyeDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. obamgboye957@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2681-0899
Isaac Oluwadamilare OniDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Andrew CollierGlasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
Obafemi Awolowo University · NGGlasgow Caledonian University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSGLT2-inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have been linked to the risk of potential life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency issued warnings in 2015 and 2016 respectively on the predisposing factors to the development of DKA in individuals on an SGLT2i. New predisposing factors to DKA are still being discovered with the use of SGLT-2i. The list by FDA and EMA is yet to be updated. This article aims to provide a holistic list that includes the newer factors that have been implicated in the development of DKA. The overall aim is to guide physicians in prescribing this class of drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

methodA search was done using PUBMED, Google Scholar, and Directory of Open Access Journals with the following words: SGLT-2 Inhibitors AND Ketoacidosis were entered. We included articles from 2000 to 2020, those in English, those involving any of the approved SGLT2i medications in T2D patients, and studies that focused on DKA linked to SGLT-2i. These articles were reviewed, and relevant data extracted and compiled. RESULTS AND

conclusionThe review has revealed that predisposing factors include (excess) alcohol consumption, female gender, starvation due to illness or fasting, withholding the use of SGLT2i for less than 48 h peri-operatively, and the existence of a variations in the expression of SGLT2 receptors. Patients should be advised on "sick day rules," and if a patient becomes unwell while on an SGLT2i, they should be advised to withhold the medication for the duration of the intercurrent illness.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic KetoacidosisFastingGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHealth StatusHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinRisk FactorsSex FactorsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsSurgical Procedures, OperativeBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosisPredisposingSGLT2-inhibitorsType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID33244632
OpenAlexW3107565517

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.