Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33243819›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2020

Sex-specific temporal trends in ambulatory heart failure incidence, mortality and hospitalisation in Ontario, Canada from 1994 to 2013: a population-based cohort study.

Louise Y Sun, Lisa M Mielniczuk, Peter P Liu, Rob S Beanlands, Sharon Chih, Ross Davies, Thais Coutinho, Douglas S Lee, Peter C Austin, Anan Bader Eddeen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Louise Y SunDivision of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada lsun@ottawaheart.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-3381-3115
Lisa M MielniczukDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Peter P LiuDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Rob S BeanlandsDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Sharon ChihDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Ross DaviesDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Thais CoutinhoDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Douglas S LeeCardiovasulcar Research Program, ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Peter C AustinCardiovasulcar Research Program, ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Anan Bader EddeenCardiovasulcar Research Program, ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jack V TuCardiovasulcar Research Program, ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
University of Ottawa · CAInstitute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences · CASunnybrook Health Science Centre · CAUniversity Health Network · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo examine the temporal trends in mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalisation in ambulatory patients following a new diagnosis of HF.

designRetrospective cohort study

settingOutpatient

participantsOntario residents who were diagnosed with HF in an outpatient setting between 1994 and 2013. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 1 year of diagnosis and the secondary outcome was HF hospitalisation within 1 year. Risks of mortality and hospitalisation were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the relative hazard of death was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

resultsA total of 352 329 patients were studied (50% female). During the study period, there was a greater decline in age standardised 1-year mortality rates (AMR) in men (33%) than in women (19%). Specifically, female AMR at 1 year was 10.4% (95% CI 9.1% to 12.0%) in 1994 and 8.5% (95% CI 7.5% to 9.5%) in 2013, and male AMR at 1 year was 12.3% (95% CI 11.1% to 13.7%) in 1994 and 8.3% (95% CI 7.5% to 9.1%) in 2013. Conversely, age standardised HF hospitalisation rates declined in men (11.4% (95% CI 10.1% to 12.9%) in 1994 and 9.1% (95% CI 8.2% to 10.1%) in 2013) but remained unchanged in women (9.7% (95% CI 8.3% to 11.3%) in 1994 and 9.8% (95% CI 8.6% to 11.0%) in 2013).

conclusionAmong patients with HF over a 20-year period, there was a greater improvement in the prognosis of men compared with women. Further research should focus on the determinants of this disparity and ways to reduce this gap in outcomes.

Indexed as

Heart FailureAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHospitalizationHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedOntarioRetrospective StudiesSex FactorsCardiac EpidemiologyEPIDEMIOLOGYHeart failure

Identifiers

PMID33243819
PMCPMC7692840
OpenAlexW3107980727

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.