ArticleTrials2020
A randomized clinical trial of a theory-based fentanyl overdose education and fentanyl test strip distribution intervention to reduce rates of opioid overdose: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Trials, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04372238 (The Rhode Island Prescription and Illicit Drug Study Responding to Fentanyl and Associated Harms), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Rhode Island Prescription and Illicit Drug Study Responding to Fentanyl and Associated Harms
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and correlates of fentanyl test strip use among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Trial
- Identification of distinct stimulant use trajectories and patterns of overdose.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of overdose from unintentional fentanyl use when intending to use stimulants: a qualitative study of people who use stimulants and avoid opioids.Research square · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic Characteristics and Drug Use Practices Associated with Fentanyl Use Frequency Among People Who Use Drugs in Rhode Island.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Responding to the increase in substance use, HIV, HCV, and overdose in New England (RISE-NE): Protocol for a prospective cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Predictors of Retention in a Clinical Trial of a Fentanyl Overdose Prevention Intervention: Implications for Supporting Participants' Retention in Harm Reduction Research.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Fentanyl test strip use and homelessness among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Gender-based differences in harm reduction practices among people who use drugs in Rhode island: a latent class analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Characteristics associated with forced treatment discontinuation among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Study assessing the effectiveness of overdose prevention centers through research (SAFER): an overview of the study protocol.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Differences by race and ethnicity in drug use patterns, harm reduction practices and barriers to treatment among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- How substance use preferences and practices relate to fentanyl exposure among people who use drugs in Rhode Island, USA.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Association between willingness to use an overdose prevention center and probation or parole status among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- A Social History of Opioids' Crimedical Cycle.Addiction research & theory · 2024Article
- Drug checking in the fentanyl era: Utilization and interest among people who inject drugs in San Diego, California.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Community overdose surveillance: Fentanyl involvement in overdose deaths in rural Michigan.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Feasibility study of using mobile phone-based experience sampling to assess drug checking by opioid street drug users.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2023Article
- Multi-level influences on increased overdose risk behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic among people who use drugs in Rhode Island: a qualitative investigation.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Feasibility Study of Using Mobile Phone-Based Experience Sampling to Assess Drug Checking by Opioid Street Drug Users.Research square · 2023Article
- The estimated costs and benefits of a hypothetical supervised consumption site in Providence, Rhode Island.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOpioid overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids, particularly illicitly manufactured fentanyl, remain a substantial public health concern in North America. Responses to overdose events (e.g., administration of naloxone and rescue breathing) are effective at reducing mortality; however, more interventions are needed to prevent overdoses involving illicitly manufactured fentanyl. This study protocol aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a behavior change intervention that incorporates individual counseling, practical training in fentanyl test strip use, and distribution of fentanyl test strips for take-home use among people who use drugs.
methodsResidents of Rhode Island aged 18-65 years who report recent substance use (including prescription pills obtained from the street; heroin, powder cocaine, crack cocaine, methamphetamine; or any drug by injection) (n = 500) will be recruited through advertisements and targeted street-based outreach into a two-arm randomized clinical trial with 12 months of post-randomization follow-up. Eligible participants will be randomized (1:1) to receive either the RAPIDS intervention (i.e., fentanyl-specific overdose education, behavior change motivational interviewing (MI) sessions focused on using fentanyl test strips to reduce overdose risk, fentanyl test strip training, and distribution of fentanyl test strips for personal use) or standard overdose education as control. Participants will attend MI booster sessions (intervention) or attention-matched control sessions at 1, 2, and 3 months post-randomization. All participants will be offered naloxone at enrolment. The primary outcome is a composite measure of self-reported overdose in the previous month at 6- and/or 12-month follow-up visit. Secondary outcome measures include administratively linked data regarding fatal (post-mortem investigation) and non-fatal (hospitalization or emergency medical service utilization) overdoses. DISCUSSION: If the RAPIDS intervention is found to be effective, its brief MI and fentanyl test strip training components could be easily incorporated into existing community-based overdose prevention programming to help reduce the rates of fentanyl-related opioid overdose.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04372238 . Registered on 01 May 2020.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.