ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2021
Associations of changes in fat free mass with risk for type 2 diabetes: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Fat-Free Mass in Weight-Related Complications: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Unraveling the role of muscle mass and strength in predicting type 2 diabetes risk: a systematic review.Acta diabetologica · 2025Pooled it
- Associations of percentage body cell mass with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: mediation effect of body mass index.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean males aged 19-80 years: analysis of KNHANES 2022-2023.Physical activity and nutrition · 2025Article
- Association between sarcopenia and prediabetes among non-elderly US adults.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Obesity among Latinx people in the United States: A review.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Review
- Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for the Assessment of Body Composition in Sarcopenia and Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Muscle strength and prediabetes progression and regression in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Article
- Relationship of Fat Mass Index and Fat Free Mass Index With Body Mass Index and Association With Function, Cognition and Sarcopenia in Pre-Frail Older Adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo determine whether loss of muscle mass (approximated using fat free mass [FFM]) is associated with risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States.
methodsParticipants were Hispanic/Latino adults (18-74-year-olds) who completed Visit 2 of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; multi-site, prospective cohort study; 6.1-year follow-up) and did not have T2DM at baseline (n = 6264). At baseline and Visit 2, FFM was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and fasting glucose, HbA1c, and fasting insulin were measured by examiners. Diabetes was defined according to American Diabetes Association criteria. Survey-weighted Poisson regression models examined the association of percent change in relative FFM (%ΔFFM) with incident prediabetes and T2DM. Survey-weighted multivariable regression models examined associations of %ΔFFM with changes in glucose and insulin measures.
resultsRelative FFM declined by 2.1% between visits. %ΔFFM was inversely associated with incident prediabetes (p-for-trend = 0.001) and with changes in glucose and insulin measures (p-for-trend <0.0001). Findings were null, except for HOMA-IR, after adjustment for changes in adiposity measures. Associations were generally stronger for individuals with baseline overweight/obesity.
conclusionsReducing loss of FFM during adulthood may reduce prediabetes risk (primarily insulin resistance), particularly among individuals with overweight/obesity.
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Registered trials
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