Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33241137›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2020

Is skin autofluorescence (SAF) representative of dermal advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in dark skin? A pilot study.

Isabella M Atzeni, Jeltje Boersema, Hendri H Pas, Gilles F H Diercks, Jean L J M Scheijen, Casper G Schalkwijk, Douwe J Mulder, Piet van der Zee, Andries J Smit

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Is skin autofluorescence a novel non-invasive marker in diabetes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2023
    Review
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Isabella M AtzeniDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Jeltje BoersemaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Hendri H PasDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Gilles F H DiercksDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Jean L J M ScheijenDepartment of Internal Medicine (J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Debeyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Casper G SchalkwijkDepartment of Internal Medicine (J.L.J.M.S., C.G.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Debeyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Douwe J MulderDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Piet van der ZeeDiagnOptics Technologies (P.v.d.Z.), Aarhusweg 4-9, 9723 JJ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Andries J SmitDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine (I.M.A., J.B., D.J.M., A.J.S.), Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatology (H.H.P.) and Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (G.F.H.D.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsNon-invasively assessed skin autofluorescence (SAF) measures advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in the dermis. SAF correlates with dermal AGEs in Caucasians and Asians, but studies in dark-skinned subjects are lacking. In this pilot we aimed to assess whether SAF signal is representative of intrinsic fluorescence (IF) and AGE accumulation in dark skin.

methodsSkin biopsies were obtained in 12 dark-skinned subjects (6 healthy subjects, median age 22 years; 6 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects, 65 years). SAF was measured with the AGE Reader, IF using confocal microscopy, and AGE distribution with specific antibodies. CML and MG-H1 were quantified with UPLC-MS/MS and pentosidine with HPLC and fluorescent detection.

resultsSAF correlated with IF from the dermis (405nm, r = 0.58, p < 0.05), but not with CML (r = 0.54, p = 0.07). CML correlated with IF from the dermis (405nm, r = 0.90, p < 0.01). UV reflectance and the coefficient of variation of SAF were negatively correlated (r = -0.80, p < 0.01). CML and MG-H1 were predominantly present around blood vessels, in collagen and fibroblasts in the dermis.

conclusionThis proof of concept study is the first to compare non-invasive SAF with AGE levels measured in skin biopsies in dark-skinned subjects. SAF did not correlate with individual AGEs from biopsies, but was associated with IF. However, the intra-individual variance was high, limiting its application in dark-skinned subjects on an individual basis.

Indexed as

Advanced glycation endproductsClinical researchDiabetesDiabetes mellitusDiagnosticsInternal medicinePathologySkin autofluorescence

Identifiers

PMID33241137
PMCPMC7674296

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.