ArticlePeerJ2020
The frequency of combined IFITM3 haplotype involving the reference alleles of both rs12252 and rs34481144 is in line with COVID-19 standardized mortality ratio of ethnic groups in England.
Article in PeerJ, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 gene polymorphisms are associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A meta-analysis.The Journal of infection · 2022Pooled it
- The influence of IFITM3 polymorphisms on susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of COVID-19.Cytokine · 2021Trial
- Association analysis of genetic variants in critical patients with COVID-19 and validation in a Chinese population.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Characteristics of patients with COVID-19 who have deteriorating chest X-ray findings within 48 h: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Increased expression of SCARF genes favoring SARS-CoV-2 infection in key target organs in CKD.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Genetic polymorphism between the Sorani and Hawrami kurdish populations and COVID-19 outcome.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Interferon-inducible phospholipids govern IFITM3-dependent endosomal antiviral immunity.The EMBO journal · 2023Article
- Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) limits lethality of SARS-CoV-2 in mice.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- Risk of Covid-19 Severe Outcomes and Mortality in Migrants and Ethnic Minorities Compared to the General Population in the European WHO Region: a Systematic Review.Journal of international migration and integration · 2023Article
- Rapalogs downmodulate intrinsic immunity and promote cell entry of SARS-CoV-2.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Article
- Impact of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 gene rs12252 polymorphism on COVID-19 mortality.Cytokine · 2022Article
- Lessons in self-defence: inhibition of virus entry by intrinsic immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- Optical genome mapping identifies rare structural variations as predisposition factors associated with severe COVID-19.iScience · 2022Article
- Human genetic basis of severe or critical illness in COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Host polymorphisms and COVID-19 infection.Advances in clinical chemistry · 2022Article
- Lung epithelial and endothelial damage, loss of tissue repair, inhibition of fibrinolysis, and cellular senescence in fatal COVID-19.Science translational medicine · 2021Article
- Human genetic basis of coronavirus disease 2019.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- Interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 genetic variant rs12252 is associated with COVID-19 mortality.Genomics · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2-related IFITM3 in immune dysfunction and tumor microenvironment: An integrative analysis in pan-cancers.Clinical and translational medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence was brought forward in England and the USA that Black, Asian, Latino and Minority Ethnic people exhibit higher mortality risk from COVID-19 than White people. While socioeconomic factors were suggested to contribute to this trend, they arguably do not explain the range of the differences observed, allowing for possible genetic implications. Almost concurrently, the analysis of a cohort in Chinese COVID-19 patients proposed an association between the severity of the disease and the presence of the minor allele of rs12252 of the Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) gene. This SNP, together with rs34481144, are the two most studied polymorphisms of IFITM3 and have been associated in the past with increased severity in Influenza, Dengue, Ebola, and HIV viruses. IFITM3 is an immune effector protein that is pivotal for the restriction of viral replication, but also for the regulation of cytokine production. Following up on these two developments in the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the present study investigates a possible association between the differences in mortality of ethnic groups in England and the combined haplotypes of rs12252 and rs34481144. The respective allele frequencies were collected for 26 populations from the 1000 Genomes Project and subgroups were pooled wherever possible to create correspondences with ethnic groups in England. A significant correlation (
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