SynthesisBMC nephrology2020
The impact of hypertension on chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease is greater in men than women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC nephrology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Antihypertensive Medication Patterns in Patients with Hypertension that is Harder to Control: Insights from the EnligHTN Study.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Studying the Comorbidity of Impaired eGFR With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Tabari Cohort Population.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- Mortality trends and demographics due to hypertensive nephrosclerosis in older adults from 1999-2020.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Household Fuel Use and Kidney Disease-Related Mortality: The Golestan Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Importance of Hypercortisolism in BP Control, Cardiovascular Risk and in Patients With Difficult-to-Control Hypertension: An Overview for Primary Care Physicians.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Post-Hoc Analysis on the Effects of Vicadrostat/Empagliflozin by CKD Severity/Hypertension Status.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Preferential renal tubular injury and increased renal sympathetic activity occur during the early stages of DOCA-salt hypertension in male rats.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Older females with late-onset hypertension are at higher CKD risk than males.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- MARU-MTL: A Mamba-Enhanced Multi-Task Learning Framework for Continuous Blood Pressure Estimation Using Radar Pulse Waves.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Global Trends and Projections in Chronic Kidney Disease Burden from Diabetes, Hypertension, and Glomerulonephritis: A Population-Based Study.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026Article
- Uncontrolled Hypertension in Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Diseases: Real-World Insights on Patient Profiles and Management Patterns From iCaReMe Global Registry.International journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Enabling the analysis of patient-level data across jurisdictions for research use: a real-world exploration of a federated likelihood approach.International journal of population data science · 2026Article
- Nurses' experiences implementing clinical practice guidelines for detecting and managing chronic kidney disease in Eswatini's primary healthcare facilities: A qualitative study.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Association of quantitative renal surface nodularity with the renal dysfunction progression in patients with arterial hypertension.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Social vulnerability and chronic kidney disease-associated mortality in the United States: 1999-2020.Journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- The Quality of Life in Kidney Transplant Recipients and Its Relation With the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- A Generative Framework for Predictive Modeling of Multiple Chronic Conditions Using Graph Variational Autoencoder and Bandit-Optimized Graph Neural Network.IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics · 2025Article
- Elevated Pulse Pressure and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease by Hypertension Status: A Longitudinal Study in Japanese Adults.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypertension (HTN) is an established risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Whether sex differences in the effect of HTN on CKD and ESRD incidence exist remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relative impact of HTN on CKD and ESRD risk in women compared with men.
methodsWe systematically searched Embase and PubMed for cohort studies until 24 July 2020. Studies were selected if they reported a sex-specific association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and CKD or ESRD. Random effects meta-analyses with inverse variance weighting were used to pool sex-specific relative risks (RRs) and the women-to-men ratio of RRs (the RRR) for incident CKD and ESRD.
resultsData from six cohorts, including 2,382,712 individuals and 6856 incident CKD events, and 833 ESRD events, were included in the meta-analysis. The RR for incident CKD or ESRD associated with HTN (SBP ≥140 mmHg) versus ideal BP (SBP < 120 mmHg) was 1.56 (95% CI, 1.39-1.75) in women and 2.06 (95% CI, 1.64-2.60) in men. The RR for incident CKD or ESRD was 23% lower in women than in men RRR 0.77 [95% CI, 0.63-0.95] with no significant heterogeneity between studies (p-value for Q test = 0.507, I
conclusionHTN confers about a fifth lower excess risk of incident CKD or ESRD in women than men. Sex differences in onset, duration, and severity of some risk factors, such as albuminuria, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and socioeconomic status, may explain part of the excess risk in men. Another explanation could be that women might be under-diagnosed and less likely to initiate dialysis. Future studies are needed to demonstrate the mechanisms responsible for the observed sex difference.
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