ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology2021
Immunoglobulin deficiency as an indicator of disease severity in patients with COVID-19.
Article in American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global geographic and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Circulating immunoglobulins and transient lymphocytopenia in a sub-study of CAPRISA 012B, testing HIV monoclonal antibodies in a phase 1 trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- The immunomodulating activity of trimodulin (polyvalent IgM, IgA, IgG solution): a post hoc analysis of the phase II CIGMA trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Trial
- Prediction of severe sepsis-associated acute kidney injury incorporating immune-inflammatory profiles: development and validation of a machine learning model in a multicenter prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Lymphopenia in sepsis: a narrative review.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
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- Review
- Article
- COVID-19 diverse outcomes: Aggravated reinfection, type I interferons and antibodies.Medical hypotheses · 2022Article
- Long-term high-dose immunoglobulin successfully treats Long COVID patients with pulmonary, neurologic, and cardiologic symptoms.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Autoimmune and immunoserological markers of COVID-19 pneumonia: Can they help in the assessment of disease severity.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Predicting the Disease Severity of Virus Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Activated CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 induced by infection or vaccination.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Rationale for Polyclonal Intravenous Immunoglobulin Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19 Patients: Report of a Structured Multidisciplinary Consensus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Molecular mechanisms of Na,K-ATPase dysregulation driving alveolar epithelial barrier failure in severe COVID-19.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- Advances in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Sites for the Treatment of Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the pandemic status of COVID-19, there is limited information about host risk factors and treatment beyond supportive care. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) could be a potential treatment target. Our aim was to determine the incidence of IgG deficiency and associated risk factors in a cohort of 62 critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to two German ICUs (72.6% male, median age: 61 yr). Thirteen (21.0%) of the patients displayed IgG deficiency (IgG < 7 g/L) at baseline (predominant for the IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 subclasses). Patients who were IgG-deficient had worse measures of clinical disease severity than those with normal IgG levels (shorter duration from disease onset to ICU admission, lower ratio of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text], higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and higher levels of ferritin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and serum creatinine). Patients who were IgG-deficient were also more likely to have sustained lower levels of lymphocyte counts and higher levels of ferritin throughout the hospital stay. Furthermore, patients who were IgG-deficient compared with those with normal IgG levels displayed higher rates of acute kidney injury (76.9% vs. 26.5%;
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Registered trials
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