ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2021
The temporal course of COVID-19 anosmia and relation to other clinical symptoms.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of nasal corticosteroid in the treatment of anosmia due to COVID-19: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study.American journal of otolaryngologyTrial
- Management of long COVID-19 in children and adolescents: from diagnosis to therapeutically approaches.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Olfactory Dysfunction in Individuals with COVID-19 in Brazil: A Study of 20,669 Cases from 2020 to 2021.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2024Article
- Recovery Patterns of COVID-19 Related Smell Disorders: An Analysis of the Available Evidence.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2023Article
- Olfactory dysfunction among patients with COVID-19.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Comparison of the Healing Effect of Nasal Saline Irrigation with Triamcinolone Acetonide Versus Nasal Saline Irrigation alone in COVID-19 Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) and Rhinologic Manifestation: Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- "Anosmia" the mysterious collateral damage of COVID-19.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Review
- Results from psychophysical tests of smell and taste during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2022Review
- Olfactory dysfunction in children and adults post-COVID-19 infection in Brooklyn, New York.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2022Article
- Long COVID, a comprehensive systematic scoping review.Infection · 2021Article
- Dysautonomia and Implications for Anosmia in Long COVID-19 Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Treatment and Prognosis of COVID-19 Associated Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Anosmia as a predictor for post-COVID-19 fatigue syndrome.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2021Article
- COVID-19-associated meningoencephalitis: A care report and literature review.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to define the clinical course of anosmia in relation to other clinical symptoms.
methods135 patients with COVID-19 were reached by phone and subsequently included in the study. Olfactory functions were evaluated using a questionnaire for assessment of self-reported olfactory function. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to the presence of olfactory symptoms and temporal relationship with the other symptoms: group1 had only olfactory complaints (isolated, sudden-onset loss of smell); group2 had sudden-onset loss of smell, followed by COVID-19 related complaints; group3 initially had COVID-19 related complaints, then gradually developed olfactory complaints; and group4 had no olfactory complaints.
resultsIn total, 59.3% of the patients interviewed had olfactory complaints during the disease course. The olfactory dysfunction severity during COVID-19 infection was significantly higher in group1 compared to groups 2 and 3. In groups1-3, the odor scores after recovery from COVID-19 disease were significantly lower compared to the status prior to disease onset. The residual olfactory dysfunction was similar between groups1 and 2, but was more evident than group3. Mean duration for loss of smell was 7.8 ± 3.1 (2-15) days. Duration of loss of smell was longer in groups1 and 2 than in group3. Odor scores completely returned back to the pre-disease values in 41 (51.2%) patients with olfactory dysfunction. Rate of complete olfactory dysfunction recovery was higher in group3 compared to groups1 and 2.
conclusionIn isolated anosmia cases, anosmia is more severe, and complete recovery rates are lower compared to the patients who have other clinical symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.
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